ABSTRACT
Product counterfeiting does not lend itself to traditional criminology or risk analysis analytical methods due to the unique, expanding, and evolving nature of the crime and the criminals. This is precisely the type of risk that requires practical, flexible, interdisciplinary assessments to determine the most effective countermeasures. On June 23, 2010, the United States Government presented the first national Joint Strategic Plan for Intellectual Property through the Intellectual Property Enforcement Coordinator office. This chapter provides an overview of product counterfeiting, perspectives on assessing the risks, and methods to help select countermeasures that will reduce the vulnerability or likelihood of a threat. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food industry has been focusing on this risk under the more general concept of Economically Motivated Adulteration (EMA), or the more common term Food Fraud.
