ABSTRACT
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness that affects about one in 700 children (Arslanian et al., 1994). The daily treatment regimen for type 1 diabetes is complex, requiring careful insulin administrations, monitoring of blood glucose, and modification of diet and exercise. The maintenance of optimal blood glucose is necessary to prevent the onset of a variety of shortterm complications, for example, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and longterm complications, for example, retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, and cardiovascular disease (Diabetes Control and Complications Trial, DCCT, 1993).
