ABSTRACT
Although the recognition of civil and political rights within countries may be traced to the Code of Hammurabi in 1780 BCE, the earliest systematic recognition of international human rights emerged from the doctrine of the just war of Saint Augustine (354-430). Subsequently, rules of warfare developed. But they were shattered during the world wars of the twentieth century. Currently, the focus has broadened to ban wars by governments against their own people, that is, crimes against humanity, as well as domestic and international terrorism.
