ABSTRACT
Looking at the situations the Yaquis and especially the deportees found themselves in immediately after removal one cannot help but think that matters looked bleak. And the Sonoran Yaquis had barely been saved by the outbreak of the Mexican Revolution. So immediately after removal it did look like both groups had already succumbed to state pressures or were likely to do so in the foreseeable future. However, the Yoeme refused to vanish. Even though part of the rebels had surrendered in 1909 this did not mean that all the Yaquis were ‘pacified,’ as the government liked to term it. The few remaining rebels under Luis Espinosa held out the longest and thus upheld the Yaqui fighting spirit and their quest for autonomy until the outbreak of the Mexican Revolution which saved them from further deportations.
