ABSTRACT
As part of the upsurge in diaspora and migration studies, two concepts have become popular, one relatively new in its present applications, the other well entrenched. Transnationalism was familiar as an economic term in the midtwentieth century as a rough synonym of multinationalism, but its widespread use in the social and political domains is recent. Cosmopolitanism, in contrast, dates to the philosophies and, in English, to the nineteenth century. Out of fashion altogether has gone internationalism, the subject of this chapter.
