ABSTRACT
On 31 May 2003 in Krakow, Poland, President George W. Bush announced the Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI), an international partnership established to interdict the land, sea and air transport of weapons of mass destruction (WMD), their delivery systems and related materials.2 PSI has variously been described as a ‘political arrangement’, an ‘activity’ and a ‘new form of multilateralism’,3 and is intended to help overcome the inability of existing national and multilateral export controls to stop a ‘thriving black market in [WMD] components, technologies and production materials’.4 Since its inception, PSI has attracted fifteen participating members,5 three countries have negotiated ship-boarding agreements6 and more than sixty countries have expressed support for the initiative.7
