ABSTRACT
The 1929 Sino-Soviet conflict is perhaps China’s least studied and understood war. For China it was an anti-imperialist war, during which both sidesthe Soviet Union and the Republic of China-utilized modern weapons, strategy, and tactics. The war began over the ownership of the Chinese Eastern Railway (CER), which the Soviet government had regained control over, first, through its secret diplomacy with Beijing in May 1924, second, by signing an agreement with the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin in September 1924, and third, by concluding, on 20 January 1925, a convention with Japan that renewed Russo-Japanese political and economic relations.
