ABSTRACT
Due to the complexity of historical processes, most countries, with few exceptions, have always been culturally plural. Multiculturality is not a new phenomenon; in Europe many of the states can be considered plurinational. The consolidation of the nation-states during the nineteenth century, left within their territorial frontiers many cultural and linguistic minorities. The introduction of compulsory schooling in Europe promoted, from the beginning, the development of only one language and of common values and national feelings in order to highlight the differences between states. Schooling had the main objective of homogenization in order to establish clear distinctions between states, cultures and languages. In general this implied the omission of minorities, especially linguistic minorities. The national systems of training teachers were used for creating and establishing the basic concepts and values of the national State.
