al-Ummī: the phrase is usually translated by : Muslims as 'the illiterate Prophet', 'the unlettered Prophet'. Umm Kulthūm Daughter of the Prophet Muhammad from his marriage to Khadīja bint Khuwaylid (q.v.). Umm Kulthūm married 'Uthm ān b. 'Affān (q.v.). She died at the time of the expedition to Tabūk (q.v.) in 9/630.

doi:10.4324/9780203986158-85

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al-Ummī: the phrase is usually translated by

ABSTRACT

The Umayyad caliphs, who have frequently been accused of being kings rather than caliphs, because of their perceived secularism, were ultimately overthrown by the 'Abbāsids (q.v.). Shaban has shown that discontent by some of the Arabs in the Eastern corners of the Arab empire was one major factor which helped a movement culminating in that overthrow. An Umayyad Kingdom was also later founded in Spain. ('Abd al-Malik b. Marwān; al-Andalus; Hishām; Khalīfa; Mu'āwiya b. Abī Sufyān; 'Umar b. 'Abd al-'Azīz; Umayya; Zāb, Battle of the Greater) Umma (Ar.) Community, people, nation. This was a highly emotive word in early Islamic history in the time of the Prophet Muhammad, and remains so among the Arabs today, many of whom dream of, or regard themselves as, a single Arab umma.