ABSTRACT
By a representational system (RS) I shall mean any system whose function it is to indicate how things stand with respect to some other object, condition, or magnitude. If RS’s function is to indicate whether O is in condition A or B, for instance, and the way RS performs this function (when it performs it) is by occupying one of two possible states, a (indicating that O is A) and b (indicating that O is B), then a and b are the expressive elements of RS and what they represent (about O) is that it is A (in the case of a) and that it is B (in the case of b).
