Legitimate peripheral participation in communities of practice

In this chapter we recast the central characteristics of historical realizations of apprenticeship in terms of legitimate peripheral participation in communities of practice. First, we discuss the structuring resources that shape the process and content of learning possibilities and apprentices’ changing perspectives on what is known and done. Then we argue that ‘transparency’ of the socio-political organization of practice, of its content and of the artefacts engaged in practice, is a crucial resource for increasing participation. We next examine the relation of newcomers to the discourse of practice. This leads to a discussion of how identity and motivation are generated as newcomers move toward full participation. Finally, we explore contradictions inherent in learning, and the relations of the resulting conflicts to the development of identity and the transformation of practice.