ABSTRACT

After a long period of stability, Egypt’s agricultural sector experienced sudden change due to the 1973 oil price increases and Anwar Sadat’s Open Door economic policies. Workers left rural Egypt for the cities and high-wage jobs in the oil-exporting countries. The resulting “labor shortage†and rising real wages in agriculture coincided with a

chapter 1|17 pages

Introduction

part 1|82 pages

Agricultural Labor Markets in Egypt

part 3|66 pages

Mechanization: Causes and Consequences