ABSTRACT
The Andean Group, or Cartagena Agreement as it is known formally, has been facing one of three possibilities: continued, but slowed, progress towards higher levels of economic and political co-operation; progressive disintegration; or stagnation. Developmental nationalism found expression in the Cartagena Agreement of 1969. Substantial economic achievements notwithstanding, the Andean Group suffered a severe political crisis from early 1975 to late 1976. Economic difficulties, ideological disparities, and political frictions produced the Andean pact's 1975-1976 crisis. Disparities in level of development have plagued all of Latin America's integration experiments, including the Cartagena Agreement. Industrial programming was also off schedule because the Commission did not meet the December 1975 deadline for adopting substantially all of the sectoral agreements. Problems with trade and industrial programming were approached tlirough the Protocol of Lima to the Cartagena Agreement. December 1977 was chosen as the new deadline for approving the remaining sectoral agreements in fertilisers, glass, electronics, pulp and paper, and pharmaceuticals.
