ABSTRACT
Communication is so essential to Internet of Things (IoT) because beyond mere data exchange, the goal of IoT is to achieve real Machine-to-Machine communication. Within many IoT articles and marketing materials, it is common to mix different parts of the communications stack. The physical connections are vitally important to IoT systems because these connections determine the maximum distance IoT stations can be from the other parts of the system, the maximum speed of data exchanges between these stations, and the power expenditure required to execute the communications protocols. The network and session layers determine the way devices are found and addressed on the communication media. With some technologies, the number of devices connected to the system is limited by the underlying communications technology. The Phys determine how devices are physically connected together—point to point or shared broadcast media.
