Encyclopedia of Modern War

Absolute war

Aden

Airborne forces

Aircraft

Aircraft carriers

Airship

Alamein, El, Battles of, July and October 1942

Alexander, Sir Harold Rupert, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis, 1891-1969

Algeria, revolt in, 1954-62

Allenby, Sir Edmund Henry, 1st Viscount, 1861-1936

Alma River, Battle of, September 1854

American Civil War, 1861-5, general

American-Mexican War, 1846-8

American-Spanish War, 1898

American War of 1812 (1812-15)

Amiens, Battle of, August-September 1918

Anderson, Sir John, 1st Viscount Waverley, 1882-1958

Angola, guerrilla war in, 1961-75

Anti-aircraft

Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) defence

Antietam Creek, campaign and Battle of, September 1862

Anti-tank weapons

‘Anvil’ operation, August 1944

Anzio Operation, 1944

Appomattox, campaign and Battle of, 1865

Arctic convoys, 1941-5

Ardennes, German offensive in, December 1944

Armstrong, William George, Baron Armstrong of Cragside, 1810-1900

Arnhem operation, September 1944

Arnold, Henry Harley, 1886-1950

Arras, Battles of, April 1917, June 1940

Artillery, general

Atlanta, campaign and Battle of, 1864

Atlantic, Battle of

Atlantic, Battle of,

Atomic warfare, general development

Auchinleck, Sir Claude John Eyre, ‘The Auk’, 1884-

Auerstedt and Jena, Battles of, 1806

Austerlitz, campaign and Battle of, 1805

Austro-Prussian ‘Seven Weeks’ War, 1866

Bacteriological warfare - see Chemical and bacteriological warfare (CBW)

Baden-Powell, Robert Stephenson Smyth, 1st Baron, 1857-1941

Balaklava, Battle of, October 1854

Ballistic Missile Defence (BMD) - see Anti-Ballistic Missile defence (ABM)

Balloon

Battenberg, Prince Louis Alexander of, Marquis of Milford Haven, 1854-1921

Battlecruiser

Battleship

Bautzen, Battle of, May 1813

Bayonet

Beatty, Sir David, 1st Earl, 1871-1936

Beaverbrook, Lord William Maxwell Aitken, 1st Baron, 1879-1964

Berlin Airlift, June 1948 to May 1949

Berthier, Marshal Louis Alexandre, Prince of Neuchâtel, 1753-1815

Bismarck, Prince Otto Eduard Leopold von, known as the ‘Iron Chancellor’, 1815-98

Blitz, the

Blitzkrieg, ‘Lightning War’

Bloch, Jean de, 1836-1902

Blomberg, Werner von, 1878-1946

Blücher, Gebhard Leberecht von, 1742-1819

Boer War, 1899-1902, general

Bolshevik Revolution, 1917 - see Russian Revolution, 1917-21

Borodino, Battle of, October 1812; also known as the Battle of Moscow or the Moskva

Botha, Louis, 1862-1919

Bradley, Omar Nelson, 1893-

Brauchitsch, Heinrich Alfred Hermann Walther von, 1881-1948

Breech-loading

Britain, Battle of, July-October 1940

Brooke, Sir Alan Francis, 1st Viscount Alanbrooke, 1883-1963

Browning, John, 1855-1926

Brusilov, Alexei Alekseevich, 1853-1926

Bull Run, First Battle of, July 1861; Second Battle of, August 1862

Buller, Sir Redvers Henry, 1839-1908

Bulow, Friedrich Wilhelm von, Count Bülow von Dennewitz, 1755-1816

Bülow, Karl von, 1846-1921

Burma, campaign in, 1942-5

Burnside, Ambrose Everett, 1824-81

Cambodia

Cambrai, Battle of, November-December 1917

Cambridge, George William Frederick Charles, 2nd Duke of, 1819-1904

Campbell, Sir Colin, Lord Clyde, 1792-1863

Cape St Vincent, Battle of, February 1797

Cardwell, Edward, Viscount, 1813-86

Carnot, Lazare Nicolas Marguerite, 1753-1823

Cassino, Battle of, January-May 1944

Cavalry, general

Chancellorsville, campaign and Battle of, April-May 1863

Charles, Louis, Archduke of Austria, Duke of Teschen, 1771-1847

Chassepot, Antonie Alphonse, 1833-1905

Chattanooga, campaign and Battle of, September-December 1863

Chemical and Bacteriological (or Biological) Warfare (CBW)

Chiang Kai-shek, real name Chiang Chung-cheng, 1887-1975

China, Communist Civil War, 1945-9

China-Tibetan War, 1950

China, invasion of India, 1962 - see India-China War, 1962

Chindits

Churchill, Sir Winston Spencer, 1874-1965

Clark, Mark Wayne, 1896-

Clausewitz, Carl Marie von, 1780-1831

Close order

Colenso, Battle of, December 1899

Colt, Samuel, 1814-62

Column

Combined Chiefs of Staff (CCS) Committee

Combined operations

Commando, Royal Marine

Committee of Imperial Defence (CID)

Condor Legion, the

Congo, civil war in, 1960-4

Congreve, Sir William, 1772-1828

Conscription

Copenhagen, Battle of, April 1801

Copenhagen, Battle of, September 1807

Coral Sea, Battle of, May 1942

Corbett, Sir Julian, 1854-1922

Corps

Corunna, retreat to and battle of, December 1808-January 1809

Crazy Horse, 1849?-77

Crete, fall of, May 1941

Crimean War, 1853-6

Cronjé, Piet Arnoldus, 1840?-1911

Crook, George, 1829-90

Cuba, 1952-75

Cunningham, Sir Andrew Browne, 1st Viscount of Hyndhope, 1883-1963

Cyprus, 1955-75

Czechoslovakia, crisis in, 1968

Dardanelles and Gallipoli, February 1915 to January 1916

Davis, Jefferson, 1808-89

Davout, Louis Nicolas, 1770-1823

Dayan, Moshe, 1915-

Defence Committee, British

Defense Department, US (Pentagon)

Defence Ministry, British

De Gaulle, Charles André Joseph Marie, 1890-1970

Desert Campaign, North Africa, 1940-3

Dienbienphu, siege of, November 1953 to May 1954

Dieppe, allied raid on, August 1942

Dill, Sir John Greer, 1881-1944

Division

Doenitz, Karl, 1891-

Dogger Bank, Battle of, January 1915

Dominican Republic, US intervention in; 1916-24; 1965

Domino theory

Doolittle, James Harold, 1896-

Douhet, Giulio, 1869-1930

Dowding, Sir Hugh Caswall, 1st Baron Dowding, 1882-1970

Dresden, Battle of, August, 1813

Dreyse, Johann von, 1787-1867

Dulles, John Foster, 1888-1959

Dumouriez, Charles Francois, 1739-1823

Dunkirk, 1940

Egypt, campaigns in 1798-9; 1800-1; 1882

Eisenhower, Dwight David, 1890-1960

Enfield

Ericsson, John, 1803-89

Esher, Lord Reginald Baliol, 1852-1930

Explosives

Eylau, compaign and Battle of, January-February 1807

Falkenhayn, Erich von, 1861-1922

Falkland Islands, Battle of, December 1914

Farragut, David Glasgow, 1810-70

Fatah, Al

Finnish-Russian War, 1939-40

First World War, 1914-18, general

Fisher, John Arbuthnot, 1st Baron Fisher of Kilverstone, 1841-1920

Fleurus, Campaign and Battle of, June 1794

Flexible response

Foch, Ferdinand, 1851-1929

‘Force de frappe’

Foreign Legion, French

Foreign Legion, Spanish

Forrest, Nathan Bedford, 1821-77

Forrestal, James Vincent, 1892-1949

France, Battle and fall of, May-June 1940

Franco, Bahamonde Francisco, 1892-1975

Franco-Prussian War, 1870-1

Francs-tireurs

Fredericksburg, campaign and Battle of, October-December 1862

French, Sir John Denton Pinkstone, 1st Earl of Ypres, 1852-1925

French Revolutionary Wars, 1792-1800

Friedland, campaign and Battle of, March-July 1807

Frontiers, Battles of, 1914

Fritsch, Baron Werner von, 1880-1939

Fuller, John Frederick Charles, 1878-1966

Gallipoli - see Dardanelles

Gamelin, Maurice Gustave, 1872-1958

Garibaldi, Giuseppe, 1807-82

Gatling, Richard Jordan, 1818-1903

General staff - see Staff

Germany, allied invasion of, January-April 1945

Gettysburg, campaign and Battle of, June-July, 1853

Giap, Vo Nguyen, 1912-

Gneisenau, August Neithardt von, 1760-1831

Gordon, Charles, 1833-85

Göring, Hermann William, 1893-1946

Gort, Lord John Standish, 6th Viscount, 1886-1946

Grant, Ulysses S., 1822-85

Grapeshot (caseshot)

Gras

Greece, Civil War in, 1944-9

Greece, fall of, 1941

Greece, War of Independence, 1821-32

Greece, wars with Turkey, 1897; 1919-23

Gribeauval, Jean Baptiste de, 1715-89

Grivas, George, 1898-1974

Guadalcanal, naval and land Battles of, August 1942 to February 1943

Guderian, Heinz, 1886-1954

Guernica, air raid on, 26 April 1937

Guerrilla warfare

Guevara, Ernesto ‘Che’ 1928-67

Haig, Sir Douglas, 1st Earl, 1861-1928

Haldane, Richard Burton, Viscount Haldane, 1856-1928

Hart, Sir Basil Henry Liddell, 1895-1970

Healey, Denis, 1917

Helicopter

Hindenburg Line, final allied offensive against, September-November 1918

Hindenburg, Paul Ludwig von Beneckendorff, 1847-1934

Hiroshima and Nagasaki, dropping of atomic bombs on, August 1945

Hitler, Adolf, 1889-1945

Ho Chi Minh, 1892-1969

Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen, Prince Kraft Karl August zu, 1827-92

Home Guard

Hood, Lord Samuel, 1724-1816

Hooker, Joseph, 1814-79

Hore-Belisha, Leslie, 1893-1957

Hotchkiss, Benjamin Berkeley, 1826-85

Hungary, uprising in, 1956

Hutier, Oskar von, 1857-1934

Hydrogen power and bomb

India-China War, October-November 1962

Indian

India-Pakistan War, May-September 1958

India-Pakistan War, December 1971

Indochina, war in, 1941-54

Indonesia, War of Independence, 1945-9

Inkerman, Battle of, November 1854

Ireland, 1791-1974

Ironclads

Israel-Arab War, 1948-9

Israel-Arab War, 1956 - see Suez-Sinai campaign

Israel-Arab War, June 1967, ‘The Six-Day War’

Israel-Arab War, October 1973, ‘The Yom Kippur War’

Italy, campaigns in, 1796-7, 1799, 1800 (Map 1)

Italy, 1915-18

Italy, 1943-5

Iwo Jima, Battle of, February-March 1945

Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845

Jackson, Thomas Jonathan, ‘Stonewall’, 1824-63

Japan,

Java, Battles of, February-March 1942

Jellicoe, Sir John Rushworth, 1st Earl, 1859-1935

Jemappes, Battle of, November 1792

Jena, Battle of, 1806 - see Auerstedt

Jervis, Sir John, Earl of St Vincent, 1735-1823

Jodl, Alfred, 1890-1946

Joffre, Joseph Jacques Césaire, 1852-1931

Johnson, Lyndon Baines, 1908-

Joint Chiefs of Staff (US JCS)

Jomini, Baron Henri, 1779-1869

Jutland, Battle of, May-June 1916

Keitel, Wilhelm, 1882-1946

Kemal Ataturk, also known as Kemal Pasha, 1881-1938

Kennedy, John Fitzgerald, 1917-63

Kenya, Mau Mau uprising, 1952-6

Kesselring, Albert, 1887-1960

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeyevich, 1894-1971

King, Ernest Joseph, 1878-1956

Kissinger, Dr Henry Alfred, 1923-

Kitchener, Lord Horatio Herbert of Khartoum and Broome, 1850-1916

Korean War, June 1950 to July 1953

Krupp Works, Essen, Germany

Kurdish War, Iraq, 1961-75

Kursk, Battle of, July 1943

Kutuzov, Prince Mikhail Ilarionovich, 1745-1813

Landwehr and Landsturm

Lannes, Jean, Duc de Montebello, Prince de Sievers, 1769-1809

Laos, war in, 1953-

Lattre de Tassigny, Jean de, 1889-1952

Lawrence, Thomas Edward, ‘Lawrence of Arabia’, 1888-1935

Leahy, William Daniel, 1875-1959

Lebel rifle

Lee, Robert Edward, 1807-70

Lee, James P., 1831-1904

Leigh-Mallory, Sir Trafford, 1892-1944

Leipzig, campaign and Battle of, August-October 1813

Lenin, Nikolai, real name Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, 1870-1924

Levée en masse

Lewis, Isaac Newton, 1858-1931

Ligny, Battle of, June 1815

Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865

Little Big Horn, Battle of, June 1876

Lloyd George, David, 1st Earl of Dwyfor, 1863-1945

Long March, The, 1934-5

Long Range Desert Group, LRDG

Long Range Penetration Group - see Chindits

Longstreet, James, 1821-1904

Loos, Battle of, September-October 1915

Ludendorff, Erich von, 1865-1937

Luftwaffe

Lutzen, Battle of, May, 1813

Lys-Aisne offensive, April-May 1918

MacArthur, Douglas, 1880-1964

McClellan, George Brinton, 1826-85

Machine-gun, general

MacMahon, Comte Marie Edmé Patrice Maurice de, 1808-93

McNamara, Robert Strange, 1916-

Maginot Line

Mahan, Alfred Thayer, 1840-1914

Malaya, operations against communists in, 1948-60, known as the ‘Malayan Emergency’

Malaysia-Indonesia hostilities, 1963-6

Malta, siege of, 1941-3

Malvern Hill, Battle of, July 1862

Mannerheim, Baron Carl Gustaf Emil von, 1867-1951

Mannlicher, Ferdinand Ritter von, 1848-1904

Mao Tse-tung, 1893-1976

Marengo, Battle of, June 1800

Mareth, Battle of, March 1943

Marines

Marmont, Auguste Frederic Louis de, Duc de Raguse, 1774-1852

Marne, Battle of the, September 1914

Marne, Second Battle of the, July 1918

Marshall, George Catlett, 1880-1959

Martini-Henry

Masséna, André, 1758-1817

Massive retaliation

Mauser, Peter Paul, 1838-1914

Maxim, Sir Hiram, 1840-1916

Meade, George Gordon, 1815-72

Mercenary

‘Merrimack’

Mesopotamia, 1914-18

Messines (Mesen), Battle of, June 1917

Metford, William Ellis, 1824-99

Mexico, revolution in, 1910-20

Middle East (Egypt, Palestine, Arabia), operations in, 1916-18

Midway, Battle of, June 1942

Minié, Claude-Étienne, 1804-79

MIRV (Multiple Independently Targetable Reentry Vehicle)

Missiles, nuclear

Mitchell, William, 1879-1936

Mitrailleuse

Moltke, Helmuth von, ‘Moltke the Elder’, 1800-91

Moltke, Helmuth von, ‘Moltke the Younger’, 1848-1916

‘Monitor’

Montgomery, Sir Bernard Law, 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, 1887-1976

Moore, Sir John, 1761-1809

Moreau, Jean, 1763-1813

Morrison, Herbert Stanley, Baron Morrison of Lambeth, 1888-1965

Morse, Samuel Finley, 1791-1872

Mortar

Mountbatten, Louis, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma, 1900-

Mozambique, 1965-75

Multi-Lateral Force (MLF)

Murat, Joachim, 17677-1815

Musket

Mussolini, Benito, 1883-1945

Napalm

Napoleon I (Napoleon Bonaparte), 1769-1821

Napoleonic Wars, 1800-15, general

Nashville, campaign and Battle of, November-December 1864

Nasser, Gamal Abdal, 1918-70

Nasution, Abdul Haris, 1918-

National Security Council, US

Nation-in-arms

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

Naval race, Anglo-German, 1898-1914

Nelson, Viscount Horatio, 1758-1805

New Guinea-Solomons campaigns, 1942-4

Ney, Michel, Due d’Elchingen, Prince de la Moskova, 1769-1815

Nigeria-Biafra, civil war, 1967-70

Nightingale, Florence, ‘The Lady with the Lamp’, 1820-1910

Nile, Battle of, August 1798

Nimitz, Chester William, 1885-1966

Nivelle offensive, April 1917

Nivelle, Robert Georges, 1856-1925

Nixon, Richard Milhous, 1913-

Nobel, Alfred Bernhard, 1833-96

Nordenfelt, Thorsten, 1842-1920

Normandy, landings and campaign, June-September 1944

Norway and Denmark, campaigns in, 1940

Office of Strategic Services (OSS)

Okinawa, Battle of, March-June 1945

Omdurman, campaign and Battle of, 1898

Paget, Sir Henry William, Earl of Uxbridge, 1st Marquis of Anglesey, 1768-1854

Paixhans, Henri Joseph, 1783-1854

Palestine, guerrilla war in, 1945-8

Paris, siege of, September 1870 to January 1871

Partisan warfare

Patton, George Smith, 1885-1945

Peacekeeping

Pearl Harbor, Japanese attack on, December 1941

Peninsular War, 1807-14

Percussion system and cartridge

Perry, Oliver Hazard, 1785-1819

Pershing, John Joseph, 1860-1948

Pétain, Henri Philippe, 1856-1951

Petersburg, Battle and siege of, June 1864 to April 1865

Philippines, fall of, December 1941 to May 1942

Philippines, Hukbalahap rebellion in, 1946-54

Philippines, rebellions in, 1896-1905

Philippines, reconquest of, July-December 1944

Picq, Ardant du, 1831-70

Pilsudski, Josef (Jozef), 1867-1935

Plan XVII, French, 1914

Plumer, Sir Herbert Charles Onslow, 1st Viscount, 1857-1932

Poland, German campaign in, September-October 1939

Polaris

Portal, Sir Charles Frederick Algernon, 1st Viscount, 1893-1971

Poseidon

Pound, Sir Dudley Arthur Pickman Rogers, 1877-1943

‘Race to the sea’, The, September-November 1914

Radar

Raeder, Erich, 1876-1960

RAF (Royal Air Force)

Raglan, Lord Fitzroy James Henry Somerset, 1788-1855

Railways

Ramsay, Sir Bertram, 1883-1945

Rangers, US

Ratisbon, campaign and Battle of, April 1809

Rawlinson, Henry Seymour, 1864-1925

Reichswehr

RFC (Royal Flying Corps)

Ridgway, Matthew Bunker, 1895-

Rifle, rifling, riflemen

Roberts, Frederick Sleigh, 1st Earl, 1832-1914

Robertson, Sir William Robert, 1860-1933

Rockets

Rommel, Erwin, 1891-1944

Roon, Count Albrecht Theodor Emil von, 1803-79

Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 1882-1945

Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919

Root, Elihu, 1845-1937

Rose, Hugh Henry, Baron Strathnairn, 1801-85

Rundstedt, Karl Rudolf Gerd von, 1875-1953

Russell, Sir William Howard, 1820-1907

Russia, campaign in, May-December 1812

Russia, German campaign in, 1941-5

Russian Revolution, 1917-22

Russo-Japanese War, 1904-5

Russo-Turkish War, 1877-8

Sadowa, Battle of, July 1866

St Mihiel, Battle of, September 1918

Salerno, allied landings at, September 1943

SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks)

Sandys, Duncan Edwin, 1908-

Sark and Serb missiles

Scharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David von, 1755-1813

Schlieffen, Alfred von, 1833-1913

Schwarzenberg, Prince Karl Philipp von, 1771-1820

Scorched earth

Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866

Sealion, invasion of Britain operation, 1940-1

Second World War, general, 1 September 1939 to 2 September 1945

Sedan, Battle of, September 1870

Seeckt, Hans von, 1866-1936

Shenandoah valley campaigns, May-June 1862; July 1864 to March 1865

Sheridan, Philip Henry, 1831-88

Sherman, William Tecumseh, 1820-91

Shiloh, campaign and Battle of, January-April 1862

Shrapnell, Henry, 1761-1842

Sicily, allied conquest of, July-August 1943

Singapore, fall of, February 1942

Sinop(e), Battle of, November 1853

Skirmishing

Skoda, Emil von, 1839-1900

Slim, Sir William Joseph, 1st Viscount, 1891-1970

Smokeless powder

Smuts, Jan Christiaan, 1870-1950

Snider, Jacob,?-1866

Somerville, Sir James Fownes, 1882-1949

Somme, First Battle of, June-November 1916

Somme, Second Battle of, March 1918

Soult, Nicolas Jean de Dieu, Duke of Dalmatia, 1769-1851

Spaatz, Carl, 1891-

Spanish Civil War, 1936-9

Special Air Service (SAS)

Special Forces, US, known as the Green Berets

Special Operations Executive (SOE)

Square

Staff system

Stalin, Joseph, real name Joseph Djugashvili, 1879-1953

Stalingrad, Battle and siege of, August 1942 to February 1943

Stark, Harold Raynsford, 1880-1972

Steam power, naval

Stilwell, Joseph, 1883-1946

Stimson, Henry Lewis, 1867-1950

Stormtroopers

Strategic Air Command (SAC)

Strategic bombing, offensive against Germany

Strategy

Stuart, James, Ewell Brown, ‘JEB’, 1833-64

Submarine

Sudan, campaign in, 1883-5

Suez-Sinai campaign, October-December 1956 1954;

Summerall, Charles Pelot, 1867-1955

Suvorov, Count Alexander Vasilievich (incorrectly Suvarov), 1729-1800

Tactics

Tank warfare, development of, 1900-39

Tannenberg, campaign and Battle of, August-September 1914

Taranto, naval air attack on, November 1940

Taylor, Maxwell Davenport, 1901-

Taylor, Zachary, 1784-1850

Tedder, Sir Arthur William, 1st Baron Tedder, 1890-1967

Tegetthoff, Count William von, 1827-71

Telegraph

Texan War of Independence, 1835-6

Thomas, George Henry, 1816-70

Tirailleurs

Tirpitz, Alfred von, 1849-1930

Tito, Josip, real name Broz or Brozovich, 1892-

Tobruk, fighting at, 1941-2

Tojo, Eiki (Hideli after 1941), 1885-1945

‘Torch’, operation against French North Africa, November-December 1942

Torpedo

Torres Vedras, defences at, 1810

Trafalgar, Battle of, October 1805

Trenchard, Sir Hugh Montague, 1st Viscount, 1873-1956

Trotsky or Trotski, Leon, real name Leib or Lev Davydovich Bronstein, 1879-1940

Truman, Harry, 1884-1972

Truong Chinh, 1909-

Tunisia, campaign in, February-May 1943

Undersea Long-range Missile System (ULMS)

Urban Guerrilla Warfare

USAF (United States Air Force)

V-bombs (VI; V2)

Verdun, Battle of, February-December 1916

Versailles, Treaty of, 1919

Vickers

Vicksburg, campaign of, April-July 1863

Victor, Claude, Due de Bellune, christened Claude Victor Perrin, 1766-1841

Vieille, Paul Marie Eugene, 1854-1934

Vietnam, war in, 1954-75

Vitoria, Battle of, June 1813

Voroshilov, Kliment Efremovich, 1881-1969

Wagram, campaign and Battle of, May-July 1809

War Cabinet

Warsaw Pact

Warsaw rising, August-September 1944

Waterloo, campaign and Battle of, May-June 1815

Wattignies, Battle of, October 1793

Wavell, Sir Archibald Percival, 1st Earl, 1883-1950

Wellington, 1st Duke of; Sir Arthur Wellesley until 1809, known as ‘The Iron Duke’, 1769-1852

Whitney, Eli, 1765-1826

Wilderness, campaign and Battle of the, March-June 1864

Wilson, Sir Henry Hughes, 1864-1922

Wilson, Sir Henry Maitland, 1st Baron, 1881-1964

Wilson, Thomas Woodrow, 1856-1924

Wingate, Orde Charles, 1903-44

Wireless

Wolseley, Garnet Joseph, 1st Viscount, 1833-1913

Wounded Knee Creek, ‘Battle’ of, December 1890

Wright, Wilbur, 1867-1912 and Orville, 1871-1948

Yamamoto, Isoroku, 1884-1943

Yemen, civil war in, 1961-5

Yorck, Count Hans David Ludwig von Warten-burg, 1759-1830

Ypres, First Battle of, October-November 1914

Ypres, Second Battle of, April-May 1915

Ypres, Third Battle of (Passchendaele), July-November 1917

Zapata, Emiliano, 1879?-1919

Zeebrugge and Ostend, British raids on, May-June 1917; April 1918

Zhukov, Georgi Konstantinovich, 1895-1970

Zulu War, 1879