ABSTRACT
Infections of the central nervous system (CNS) represent a group of life-threatening diseases which present a formidable challenge to the physician. When neurological signs are present the designation unexplained fever (UEF) should be logically abandoned and CNS infections should be seriously considered and vigorously sought. Neurological complications occur in severe cases only, and the diagnosis might be suggested by the typical multiple organ involvement and the typical severe myalgia due to invasion of organisms into muscle tissue. Malaria may produce a wide range of CNS symptoms resembling, in many ways, neurosyphilis. Hypothalamic damage may be caused by a variety of obscure inflammatory processes affecting the meninges of the base of the brain and causing the so-called “basilar meningitis”. The simultaneous occurrence of seizures and UEF in adults is extremely rare. An obscure hypothalamic disorder caused the fever. Fever may also follow generalized tonic clonic seizures.
