ABSTRACT
The recent progress of micro- and nanotechnologies opens enormous opportunities for the developmentofadvanced biological and biochemical analysis systems. Various types of microfluidic bioanalytical devices havebeen developed, termed as the Lab-On-a-Chip or the Micro-Total Analysis Systems, involving applications in the separation, manipulation, detection, and analysis of biomolecules, microorganisms, mammalian cells, or tissues. The miniaturization of bioanalytical systems offers many potential advantages over traditional research assays, including reduced reagent consumption and time, improved performance and throughput, and integration. This chapter discusses the recent development in microfluidic-based cell analysis systems, including chemotactic separation of mammalian cells or microorganisms,sorting, and separation of cells, and amplification and analysis of single-cell genomes for exploring single-cell heterogeneity and biodiversity.
