ABSTRACT
This chapter explains how to measure deformation responses utilizing direct and space-borne optical and laser techniques as well as variations of various parameters using the multiparameter monitoring technique, which may include temperature, water level, acoustic emissions, electric potential, infrared imaging technique. Rock engineering is concerned with the applications of the principles of rock mechanics in practice. The model testing technique in rock mechanics and rock engineering has been an important tool for engineers for understanding the response of rock engineering structures as well as obtaining design parameters if the similitude law is properly established for a given structure. Humankind has devised many excavation techniques to create underground openings, construct foundations of rock engineering structures and pass through steep valleys. Vibrations in rock mechanics and rock engineering result from different processes such as blasting, machinery, impact hammers, earthquakes, rockburst, bombs, traffic, winds, lightning, weight drop and meteorites.
