ABSTRACT

Mike Hulme has been studying climate change for over thirty years and is today one of the most distinctive and recognisable voices speaking internationally about climate change in the academy, in public and in the media. The argument that he has made powerfully over the last few years is that climate change has to be understood as much as an idea situated in different cultural contexts as it is as a physical phenomenon to be studied through universal scientific practices. Climate change at its core embraces both science and society, both knowledge and culture.

Hulme’s numerous academic and popular writings have explored what this perspective means for the different ways climate change is studied, narrated, argued over and acted upon. Exploring Climate Change through Science and in Society gathers together for the first time a collection of his most popular, prominent and controversial articles, essays, speeches, interviews and reviews dating back to the late 1980s. The 50 or so short items are grouped together in seven themes - Science, Researching, Culture, Policy, Communicating, Controversy, Futures - and within each theme are arranged chronologically to reveal changing ideas, evidence and perspectives about climate change. Each themed section is preceded with a brief introduction, drawing out the main issues examined. Three substantive unpublished new essays have been specially written for the book, including one reflecting on the legacy of Climategate.

Taken as a collection, these writings reveal the changes in scientific and public understandings of climate change since the late 1980s, as refracted through the mind and expression of one leading academic and public commentator. The collection shows the many different ways in which it is necessary to approach the idea of climate change to interpret and make sense of the divergent and discordant voices proclaiming it in the public sphere.

part 1|11 pages

The public life of climate change

part 2|52 pages

Science

chapter 1|1 pages

Sahel awaits the rain

22 April 1988: An article written for The Guardian's climate column 20

chapter 2|1 pages

Sea heat fuels hurricanes

15 September 1988 An article written for The Guardian's climate column 21

chapter 3|1 pages

Cold facts about winters

27 October 1988: An article written for The Guardian's climate column 22

chapter 4|2 pages

Nuclear autumn danger

25 November 1988: An article written for The Guardian's climate column 23

chapter 5|2 pages

Generalists in hot pursuit

17 February 1989: An article written for The Guardian's climate column 24

chapter 6|8 pages

Global warming in the twenty-first century: an issue for Less Developed Countries

April 1990: An article published in Science, Technology and Development 25

chapter 7|3 pages

How good is technology's weather eye?

25 May 1991: A review of: ‘Watching the world's weather’ by William Burroughs, written for New Scientist magazine 28

chapter 8|5 pages

Introducing climate change

8 May 1997: The introductory chapter, co-authored with Elaine Barrow, of the edited book ‘Climates of the British Isles: present, past and future', published to mark the 25th anniversary of the Climatic Research Unit 29

chapter 9|3 pages

Climate of uncertainty

June 1999: An invited commentary in Environment Action, the newsletter of the UK's Environment Agency 31

chapter 10|2 pages

There is no longer such a thing as a purely natural weather event

15 March 2000: An essay written for The Guardian newspaper 33

chapter 11|4 pages

Something to clear the air

18 August 2006: A review of: ‘Avoiding dangerous climate change' edited by John Schellnhuber et al., written for The Times Higher Education Supplement 34

chapter 12|3 pages

To what climate are we adapting?

30 September 2008: Essay written for the BBC News On-Line Green Room 36

chapter 13|4 pages

Do we need better predictions to adapt to a changing climate?

31 March 2009: Article co-authored with Suraje Dessai, Rob Lempert and Roger Pielke Jr. for EOS: Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 37

chapter 14|7 pages

On the origin of the greenhouse effect: John Tyndall's 1859 interrogation of Nature

May 2009: Article published in Weather, a magazine of the Royal Meteorological Society, to mark the 150th anniversary of John Tyndall's experiments demonstrating the absorptive properties of greenhouse gases 39

part 3|45 pages

Researching

chapter 15|3 pages

Launching the Tyndall Centre

9 November 2000: Unpublished speech at the opening of the UK's Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research 44

chapter 16|13 pages

The Tyndall Centre, interdisciplinary research and funding

May 2005: Unpublished research interview for a University of Cambridge M.Phil. thesis 45

chapter 17|4 pages

The appliance of science

14 March 2007: Review essay written for The Guardian newspaper 48

chapter 18|9 pages

Geographical work at the boundaries of climate change

26 November 2007: Essay written in the ‘Boundary Crossings' series of the journal Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 50

chapter 19|8 pages

Mapping climate change knowledge

January 2010: Editorial essay written for the launch issue of the review journal Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews (WIREs): Climate Change 55

chapter 20|4 pages

Meet the humanities

June 2011: An essay published in Nature Climate Change 56

part 4|31 pages

Culture

chapter 21|7 pages

Rainbows in the greenhouse

May 1990: Essay written for the Christian magazine, Third Way 58

chapter 22|2 pages

On John Constable's Cloud Study (1822)

Spring 2007: An essay written for Tate Etc., the arts magazine of Tate Britain 64

chapter 23|4 pages

Climate security: the new determinism

20 December 2007: An essay written for openDemocracy on-line 65

chapter 24|6 pages

A cultural history of climate

June 2010: A review of: ‘A Cultural History of Climate' by Wolfgang Behringer for Reviews in History 66

chapter 25|5 pages

Learning to live with re-created climates

July 2010: An article published in Nature and Culture 67

chapter 26|3 pages

A town called Bygdaby

10 April 2011: A review of: ‘Living in Denial' by Kari Marie Norgaard for Nature Climate Change 70

part 5|48 pages

Policy

chapter 27|2 pages

Whistling in the dark

6 December 1997: Essay written with Martin Parry for New Scientist magazine 71 and published during the negotiation of the Kyoto Protocol

chapter 28|3 pages

Choice is all

4 November 2000: An essay written for New Scientist magazine, 73 coincidental with the official opening of the Tyndall Centre and just ahead of COP6 at The Hague

chapter 29|4 pages

Pie in the sky tops this G8's wish list

22 April 2005: A review of: ‘Global crises, global solutions' edited by Bjørn Lomborg, written for The Times Higher Education Supplement 74

chapter 30|5 pages

A non-skeptical heresy: taking the science out of climate change

16 February 2007: An unpublished speech delivered at the seminar ‘Debating climate change' organised by the Centre for Research in the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities (CRASSH), University of Cambridge

chapter 31|3 pages

The limits of the Stern Review for climate change policy-making

March 2007: A commentary on the Stern Review published in the Bulletin of the British Ecological Society 78

chapter 32|4 pages

Setting goals for global climate governance: an inter-disciplinary perspective

24 May 2007: An unpublished speech presented at the conference on ‘Earth System Governance: theories and strategies for sustainability' in the session ‘Architectures of Earth System Governance – climate architectures after 2012’, Free University of Amsterdam

chapter 33|4 pages

Climate refugees: cause for a new agreement?

November 2008: A commentary on ‘Protecting climate refugees: the case for a global protocol' by Frank Biermann and Ingrid Boas, published in Environment magazine 80

chapter 34|8 pages

Moving beyond climate change

May 2010: Article published in Environment magazine 93 as part of a collection of responses to the December 2009 climate negotiations at COP15 in Copenhagen

chapter 35|5 pages

Climate intervention schemes could be undone by geopolitics

7 June 2010: Essay written for Yale Environment 360, on-line magazine 108

chapter 36|4 pages

On the ‘two degrees' climate policy target

June 2012: Contribution to the book ‘Climate change, justice and sustainability: linking climate and development policy' edited by Ottmar Edenhofer and colleagues 110

part 6|22 pages

Communicating

chapter 37|3 pages

Chaotic world of climate truth

4 November 2006: An essay written for BBC News On-line Viewpoint 111

chapter 38|2 pages

Less heat, more light, please

21 February 2008: A review of: ‘The Hot Topic: How to Tackle Global Warming and Still Keep the Lights on' by Gabrielle Walker and Sir David King, written for The Times Higher Education 112

chapter 39|4 pages

What was the Copenhagen climate change conference really about?

13 March 2009: This essay was written for the American SeedMagazine 113

chapter 40|3 pages

Climate change: no Eden, no apocalypse

5 September 2009: An essay written for New Scientist magazine 115

chapter 41|3 pages

Heated debate

Spring 2010: Essay written for the Journal of the Royal Society of Arts 116

chapter 42|3 pages

You've been framed

5 July 2011: An essay written for the Australian on-line magazine The Conversation 117

part 7|52 pages

Controversy

chapter 43|4 pages

Top British boffin: time to ditch the climate consensus

6 May 2009: An interview with Stuart Blackman for The Register 119

chapter 44|4 pages

‘Show your working': what Climategate means

1 December 2009: An essay written with Jerry Ravetz for the BBC News On-line Green Room 120

chapter 45|3 pages

The science and politics of climate change

2 December 2009: A commentary written for The Wall Street Journal 121

chapter 46|3 pages

A changing climate for the IPCC

3 February 2010: An essay written for SciDev.net 123

chapter 47|12 pages

Climategate, scientific controversy and the politics of climate change

28 June 2010: An unpublished research interview for an Imperial College, London, MSc thesis 124

chapter 48|4 pages

The IPCC on trial: experimentation continues

21 July 2010: An essay written for Environmental Research Web, the editorial pages of the journal Environmental Research Letters 130

chapter 49|3 pages

The year climate science was redefined

16 November 2010: An essay written for The Guardian newspaper 134

chapter 50|13 pages

After Climategate … never the same

January 2013: Three years on, what have been the consequences of Climategate for climate science, for policy development and for public understandings of climate change?

part 8|21 pages

Controversy

chapter 51|3 pages

Forty ways to change a world climate

2 February 2001: A review of: ‘Emissions scenarios: Special Report of the IPCC' edited by Nebojsa Nakicenovic and Rob Swart, written for The Times Higher Education Supplement 151

chapter 52|3 pages

Save the world without being an eco-bore

22 October 2004: A review of: ‘High Tide: News from a Warming World' by Mark Lynas and ‘Red Sky at Morning: America and the Crisis of the Global Environment – A Citizen’s Agenda for Action’ by Gus Speth, written for The Times Higher Education Supplement 152

chapter 53|4 pages

Climate change: from issue to magnifier

19 October 2007: An essay written for openDemocracy on-line 153

chapter 54|4 pages

Amid the financial storm: re-directing climate change

1 November 2008: An essay written for openDemocracy on-line 156

chapter 55|3 pages

A bleak analysis

November 2010: A review of: ‘Requiem for a species: why we resist the truth about climate change' by Clive Hamilton, written for Resurgence magazine 158

part 9|12 pages

Reactions to Why We Disagree About Climate Change