ABSTRACT
Incorporating cultural and religious contexts, this unique Encyclopedia provides a vital guide to the main concepts and thinkers in Asian philosophy - starting with Abhidharma and ending with Zurvan.
The main philosophical trends and thinkers in each geographical area are featured, with an emphasis on endtemporary developments and movements. The A-Z structured encyclopedia emphasizes that Asian philosophy is not merely an ancient form of thought but that it is a living philosophy, with roots in the past, and also a potent and animate presence today. This translates into the reciprocal exchange of theories between Eastern and Western thinking, for example of new schools of thought such as orientalism. Requiring no prior knowledge of philosophy, religion or Asian cultures, this book is essential reading for students, teachers and the interested individual who wishes to gain an understanding of the philosophical basis to Asian cultural systems.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
letter |57 pages
A
entry |2 pages
Abhidharma
entry |5 pages
Abhinavagupta
entry |1 pages
Abortion, infanticide and murder in Chinese philosophy
entry |1 pages
Accident
entry |1 pages
Action and agency, Brahminical Hindu ideas
entry |1 pages
Action and knowledge in Chinese philosophy
entry |1 pages
Active intellect
entry |1 pages
Acts of omission
entry |2 pages
Advaita (non-dualist) Vedanta, post-Shankara
entry |1 pages
Aesthetics, Chinese: beauty
entry |1 pages
Aesthetics, Chinese: landscape art
entry |1 pages
Aesthetics, Chinese: mountains and waters
entry |4 pages
Aesthetics, Indian theories of
entry |1 pages
Aesthetics in Islamic philosophy
entry |6 pages
Aesthetics in Japan, post-Meiji
entry |1 pages
Afterlife, Chinese: hell
entry |1 pages
Afterlife, Chinese: hungry ghosts
entry |1 pages
Afterlife, Chinese: hunpo
entry |1 pages
Afterlife, Chinese: immortals
entry |1 pages
Afterlife, Chinese: inferno
entry |1 pages
Afterlife, Chinese: kuishen
entry |1 pages
Afterlife, Chinese: purgatory
entry |1 pages
Afterlife, Chinese: wandering ghosts
entry |1 pages
Afterlife in Chinese thought
entry |1 pages
Afterlife in Islamic philosophy
entry |1 pages
Agrarianism
entry |1 pages
Ahimsa
entry |1 pages
Ajivikas
entry |1 pages
Akasha
entry |1 pages
Alaya-vijnana
entry |2 pages
Anatta
entry |1 pages
Animals
entry |1 pages
Apoha
entry |1 pages
Arya Samaj
entry |1 pages
Asatkaryavada
entry |1 pages
Ash′ariyya and Mu′tazila
entry |1 pages
Atheism, modern Chinese
entry |1 pages
Atman
entry |1 pages
Atomism and occasionalism
entry |1 pages
Aurobindo
entry |12 pages
Australian philosophy
entry |1 pages
Averroism
entry |1 pages
Avidya
entry |1 pages
Awakening of Faith in Mahayana
letter |40 pages
B
entry |2 pages
Baizhang
entry |1 pages
Barbarians
entry |1 pages
Beidu
entry |1 pages
Beyond the square
entry |2 pages
Bhagavad Gita
entry |2 pages
Bhartrihari
entry |1 pages
Bhaskara
entry |1 pages
Bo Yi and Shu Qi
entry |1 pages
Bodhichitta
entry |1 pages
Bodhidharma
entry |1 pages
Bodhisattva
entry |1 pages
Bodies, problems with
entry |1 pages
Body
entry |1 pages
Body, Shadow, and Soul
entry |1 pages
Body and soul in pre-Buddhist China
entry |1 pages
Brahma-Sutras
entry |1 pages
Brahmo Samaj
entry |1 pages
Buddha-nature, theory of
entry |1 pages
Buddhism, Chinese hermeneutics
entry |2 pages
Buddhism, Korean
entry |1 pages
Buddhism, late Ming
entry |1 pages
Buddhism in China, origins and development
entry |11 pages
Buddhist philosophy in Japan
entry |6 pages
Buddhist philosophy in Japan, post-Meiji
entry |1 pages
Buddhist scholasticism
entry |1 pages
Buddhist thought, late Qing
entry |1 pages
Buton Rinchen Drup
letter |59 pages
C
entry |2 pages
Caste
entry |1 pages
Category
entry |1 pages
Causality, theory of
entry |1 pages
Causality in Islamic philosophy
entry |1 pages
Cause, condition and effect
entry |1 pages
Chang Taiyan
entry |1 pages
Chaos
entry |1 pages
Chapa Chokyi Senge
entry |2 pages
Character
entry |1 pages
Character, left and right
entry |1 pages
Characterology and the occult
entry |1 pages
Charity
entry |1 pages
Charvaka
entry |1 pages
Chastity
entry |1 pages
Child
entry |1 pages
China, Middle Kingdom
entry |3 pages
Chinese philosophy
entry |1 pages
Chinese philosophy, pre-modern and Marxist
entry |1 pages
Chinul
entry |1 pages
Chiyou
entry |1 pages
Ch'oe Han-ki
entry |1 pages
Chong Che-du
entry |1 pages
Chong Yag-yong (Tasan)
entry |5 pages
Christianity, Korean
entry |1 pages
Christianity in China
entry |1 pages
Chu Si-kyong
entry |2 pages
Chuch'e philosophy
entry |1 pages
Chunqiu and Lushi Chunqiu
entry |1 pages
Civil religion
entry |1 pages
Classics and Books
entry |1 pages
Cognition, sevenfold typology of
entry |1 pages
Cognitive error, classical Indian theories
entry |1 pages
Common sense
entry |1 pages
Comparative philosophy, Chinese
entry |2 pages
Comparative philosophy, Japanese
entry |1 pages
Confession
entry |2 pages
Confucian spirituality
entry |6 pages
Confucianism in Japan
entry |2 pages
Confucianism in Japan, post-Meiji
entry |2 pages
Confucianism in Korea
entry |1 pages
Confucius and Confucianism
entry |1 pages
Conscience
entry |1 pages
Conventional existence
entry |2 pages
Correlative thinking
entry |1 pages
Cosmology: creation
entry |1 pages
Cosmology: the flood
entry |1 pages
Cosmology: myths of sun, moon and star
entry |3 pages
Courage
entry |1 pages
Creation and redemption, Nestorian
entry |1 pages
Critique of ‘autonomous syllogism'
entry |1 pages
Cynicism in Late Dynastic China
letter |22 pages
D
entry |2 pages
Dai Zhen
entry |1 pages
Dao
entry |1 pages
Dao as nameless
entry |1 pages
Daodejing
entry |2 pages
Daoism in Korea
entry |1 pages
Daosheng
entry |1 pages
Darshana
entry |1 pages
Deference
entry |2 pages
Demons in Zoroastrianism
entry |1 pages
Dependent origination in Tibetan philosophy
entry |1 pages
Designation, theory of
entry |1 pages
Dhammapada
entry |2 pages
Dharma
entry |1 pages
Dharma-Shastra
entry |1 pages
Dharmakirti
entry |1 pages
Dharmapala
entry |1 pages
Diagram of the Great Ultimate
entry |3 pages
Dignaga
entry |1 pages
Divination
entry |1 pages
Dolpopa Sherap Gyaltsen
entry |1 pages
Dong Zhongshu
entry |1 pages
Dragon
entry |2 pages
Dream and illusion
entry |1 pages
Dream of the Red Chamber
entry |2 pages
Dvaita
entry |1 pages
Dzokchen thought
letter |12 pages
E
entry |3 pages
Education in China, philosophy of
entry |1 pages
Emptiness
entry |1 pages
Enlightenment, Korean
entry |1 pages
Enlightenment, sudden
entry |2 pages
Enlightenment experience and religious biography
entry |1 pages
Ether
entry |2 pages
Ethics in Islamic philosophy
entry |2 pages
Ethics in Korean philosophy
entry |1 pages
European Enlightenment and China
entry |1 pages
Expediency
letter |23 pages
F
entry |1 pages
Face
entry |2 pages
Faith
entry |1 pages
Faith and Buddhism
entry |1 pages
Faith versus reason in Islamic philosophy
entry |1 pages
Falsafa
entry |1 pages
Fan Zhen
entry |1 pages
Al-Farabi
entry |1 pages
Fatalism in Chinese philosophy
entry |1 pages
Fatalism in Indian philosophy
entry |1 pages
Filial piety
entry |2 pages
Five Elements
entry |1 pages
Folk Chan
entry |1 pages
Forgiveness and grace
entry |1 pages
Foundational consciousness
entry |1 pages
Four Germs
entry |2 pages
Four Noble Truths
entry |1 pages
Free will
entry |1 pages
Freedom
entry |1 pages
Friendship
entry |1 pages
Friendship in Islamic philosophy
entry |1 pages
Frugality
entry |2 pages
Fukuzawa Yukichi
entry |1 pages
Fundamental innate mind
entry |1 pages
Funerals
letter |14 pages
G
entry |1 pages
Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand
entry |2 pages
Gaozi
entry |1 pages
Gaudapada
entry |1 pages
Geluk school
entry |1 pages
Gendun Chophel
entry |2 pages
Geomancy
entry |1 pages
Al-Ghazali
entry |1 pages
Gnosticism
entry |3 pages
Grammar and the philosophy of language in India
entry |1 pages
Great Learning
entry |1 pages
Guan Yu
entry |1 pages
Guan Zhong
entry |1 pages
Gyaltsap Dharma Rinchen
letter |18 pages
H
entry |1 pages
Han Fei
entry |1 pages
Han and Hanunim
entry |1 pages
Han Learning
entry |1 pages
Han Yu
entry |1 pages
Haofang
entry |1 pages
Harmony
entry |1 pages
Harmony in the round
entry |1 pages
Heaven
entry |1 pages
Heaven, former and later
entry |1 pages
Hermeneutics
entry |1 pages
Hidden and manifest
entry |2 pages
Hikma
entry |3 pages
Hinayana (Lesser Vehicle) Buddhism
entry |1 pages
Historiography
entry |1 pages
History, Chinese theories of
entry |1 pages
History, concept of
entry |1 pages
History, sense of
entry |1 pages
Hong Xiuquan
entry |1 pages
Huainanzi
entry |1 pages
Huineng
entry |1 pages
Human feelings, Confucian
entry |1 pages
Humaneness
entry |1 pages
Hypocrisy
letter |24 pages
I
entry |2 pages
Ibn al-'Arabi
entry |1 pages
Ibn Khaldun
entry |1 pages
Ibn Rushd
entry |2 pages
Ibn Sab'in
entry |2 pages
Ibn Sina
entry |1 pages
Iconoclasts
entry |1 pages
Idealism, Chinese
entry |1 pages
Idols and anti-idolatry
entry |1 pages
Ikhwan al-Safa'
entry |1 pages
Illuminationist philosophy
entry |1 pages
Imaginai realm
entry |2 pages
Imagination and creativity
entry |1 pages
Immortality in Chinese philosophy
entry |1 pages
Indian philosophy
entry |1 pages
Innate apprehensions
entry |1 pages
Inner Classic of the Yellow Emperor
entry |1 pages
Inner peace
entry |1 pages
Inoue Tetsujiro
entry |1 pages
Iqbal, Muhammad
entry |1 pages
Islamic philosophy
entry |1 pages
Islamic science, distinctiveness of
entry |2 pages
Ismaili philosophy
letter |12 pages
J
entry |3 pages
Jainism
entry |1 pages
Japanese philosophy
entry |7 pages
Japanese philosophy, post-Meiji
entry |1 pages
Jia Yi
entry |1 pages
Jizang
entry |1 pages
Jonang school
letter |26 pages
K
entry |1 pages
Kagyu school
entry |1 pages
Kang Yuwei
entry |1 pages
Karma
entry |1 pages
Karma, Chinese
entry |1 pages
Kawakami Hajime
entry |1 pages
Keyi Buddhism
entry |1 pages
Kim Ok-kyun
entry |1 pages
Koan
entry |7 pages
Kokugaku
entry |3 pages
Kokutai ideology since Meiji times
entry |1 pages
Korean philosophy
entry |3 pages
Korean philosophy, contemporary
entry |1 pages
Kotoku Shusui
entry |2 pages
Kumarila Bhatta
entry |3 pages
Kyoto school
letter |23 pages
L
entry |1 pages
Lakshana
entry |2 pages
Language, Chinese philosophy of
entry |1 pages
Language, Islamic philosophy of
entry |2 pages
Laozi
entry |1 pages
Lateral and Longitudinal Alliance, School of
entry |1 pages
Law, natural
entry |2 pages
Legalism
entry |1 pages
Li Ao
entry |1 pages
Li as morality
entry |1 pages
Li as principle
entry |1 pages
Liang Fa
entry |1 pages
Liang Qichao
entry |1 pages
Liang Souji
entry |1 pages
Liberalism in China
entry |1 pages
Life and death, Chinese philosophy of
entry |1 pages
Logic
entry |1 pages
Logic in Chinese philosophy: Buddhist logic
entry |1 pages
Logic in Chinese philosophy: compound thinking
entry |1 pages
Logic in Chinese philosophy: paradox
entry |1 pages
Logic in Chinese philosophy: ‘separating hard and white'
entry |1 pages
Logic in Chinese philosophy: a white horse is not a horse
entry |2 pages
Logic and Islamic philosophy
entry |2 pages
Logic in Japanese philosophy, post-Meiji
entry |1 pages
Longchen Rabjampa
entry |1 pages
Love in Chinese philosophy
entry |1 pages
Luo Qing
letter |36 pages
M
entry |1 pages
Madhva
entry |2 pages
Madhyamaka Buddhism
entry |1 pages
Madhyamaka and thesislessness
entry |1 pages
Magic squares
entry |1 pages
Mahamudra
entry |1 pages
Mahasamghika
entry |2 pages
Mahayana Buddhism
entry |3 pages
Mahayana: the Sinitic schools
entry |1 pages
Mandana Mishra
entry |1 pages
Mao Zedong
entry |1 pages
Materialism
entry |1 pages
Mazu Daoyi
entry |3 pages
Meaning
entry |3 pages
Meditation
entry |1 pages
Meiroku zasshi
entry |5 pages
Melanesia, philosophy in
entry |1 pages
Mencius
entry |1 pages
Mencius's mother
entry |1 pages
Mental perception
entry |1 pages
Miki Kiyoshi
entry |1 pages
Mohism: moral logic
entry |1 pages
Monism
entry |1 pages
Moral failure
entry |1 pages
Motivation
entry |1 pages
Mozi
entry |1 pages
Mulla Sadra
entry |1 pages
Music
entry |1 pages
Mysticism
entry |1 pages
Myth of Laozi
letter |42 pages
N
entry |3 pages
Nagarjuna
entry |1 pages
Name and reality
entry |2 pages
Navya-Nyaya
entry |1 pages
Negation, double negative
entry |1 pages
Negation, forms of
entry |1 pages
Negation, identifying its object
entry |3 pages
Neo-Confucianism, concepts
entry |1 pages
Neo-Confucianism, history
entry |2 pages
Neo-Daoism
entry |1 pages
Neo-Mohists
entry |4 pages
New religions in Korea
entry |1 pages
New Zealand philosophy
entry |1 pages
Ngok Loden Sherap
entry |3 pages
Nirukta
entry |1 pages
Nirvana
entry |1 pages
Nirvana School of Chinese Buddhism
entry |3 pages
Nishi Amane
entry |2 pages
Nishida Kitaro
entry |2 pages
Nishimura Shigeki
entry |1 pages
Noble Eightfold Path
entry |1 pages
Nominalism and realism, universals
entry |1 pages
Nominalism and realism: abstract, abstraction
entry |1 pages
No-self
entry |1 pages
No-thought/no-mind
entry |2 pages
Non-being (wu)
entry |1 pages
Non-dualism
entry |1 pages
Nothingness
entry |1 pages
Numerology
entry |1 pages
Nursi, Said
entry |3 pages
Nyaya
entry |1 pages
Nyingma school
letter |6 pages
O
entry |1 pages
One, Guarding the
entry |2 pages
One Thread, The
entry |2 pages
Onishi Hajime
entry |1 pages
Orientalism
entry |1 pages
Orientalism: existential anxiety
entry |1 pages
Orientalism: origin of Chinese culture
entry |1 pages
Orientalism: rational West, aesthetic East
entry |1 pages
Ox-head School
letter |31 pages
P
entry |2 pages
Padartha
entry |1 pages
Pak Un-sik
entry |1 pages
Pali Canon
entry |3 pages
Perception, Indian theories of
entry |1 pages
Perennial philosophy
entry |1 pages
Perfect man, the
entry |1 pages
Perfection
entry |1 pages
Persons (theory of)
entry |1 pages
Philosophical dictionaries and Japanese philosophy
entry |4 pages
Philosophy of human rights, Japanese
entry |1 pages
Philosophy and religion in China
entry |1 pages
Platform Sutra of the Sixth Patriarch
entry |1 pages
Pleasure
entry |1 pages
Prabhakara Mishra
entry |1 pages
Prajna schools
entry |2 pages
Pramana
entry |1 pages
Pratitya-samutpada
entry |1 pages
Pratyabhijna
entry |1 pages
Primitivism
entry |6 pages
Puranas
entry |1 pages
Purushartha
entry |2 pages
Purva Mimamsa
letter |2 pages
Q
entry |2 pages
Qi
letter |18 pages
R
entry |2 pages
Radhakrishnan, Sarvepalli
entry |1 pages
Ramakantha
entry |1 pages
Ramakrishna
entry |4 pages
Ramanuja
entry |2 pages
Rammohan Roy
entry |1 pages
Recluse and kings
entry |1 pages
Recluse in Islam
entry |1 pages
Relative and absolute
entry |1 pages
Religious Daoism
entry |1 pages
Return to the root
entry |1 pages
Reversal
entry |3 pages
Revival of Islam, theories of
entry |1 pages
Revolution and reform
entry |1 pages
Ricci, Matteo
entry |1 pages
Righteousness
entry |1 pages
Rites
entry |1 pages
Rites and the rites controversy
letter |57 pages
S
entry |1 pages
Sage
entry |1 pages
Sage-king
entry |1 pages
Samanadhikaranya
entry |1 pages
Samkhya
entry |1 pages
Samnyasa
entry |1 pages
Samsara
entry |1 pages
Samsara in China
entry |4 pages
Sanskrit epics
entry |1 pages
Sarvastivada
entry |1 pages
Satkaryavada
entry |1 pages
Satyam jnanam anantam brahma
entry |2 pages
Sautrantika
entry |1 pages
Scholar
entry |1 pages
Self
entry |1 pages
Sengzhao
entry |1 pages
Sense perception
entry |2 pages
Shaiva Siddhanta
entry |1 pages
Shakya Chokden
entry |1 pages
Shakya Pandita
entry |1 pages
Shakya school
entry |1 pages
Shamanism in Korea
entry |1 pages
Shame and guilt
entry |4 pages
Shankara
entry |1 pages
Shantideva
entry |1 pages
Shao Yong
entry |2 pages
Shentong philosophy
entry |2 pages
Shingaku
entry |1 pages
Shinto
entry |2 pages
Shinto, Buddhist
entry |1 pages
Shinto, Confucian
entry |3 pages
Shri Harsha
entry |1 pages
Shruti
entry |1 pages
Shunyata
entry |1 pages
Siming Zhili
entry |1 pages
Simplicity
entry |1 pages
Sirhak
entry |2 pages
Song Xing
entry |3 pages
Space and time, Indian theories of
entry |4 pages
Space and time in Islamic philosophy
entry |1 pages
Spanda
entry |1 pages
Spiritual ladders
entry |2 pages
Subject and object
entry |1 pages
Substance and function
entry |1 pages
Suffering
entry |1 pages
Sufism
entry |1 pages
Al-Suhrawardi
entry |1 pages
Sun Yat-sen
entry |1 pages
Svayam prakasha
entry |1 pages
Synchronicity
letter |18 pages
T
entry |1 pages
Taiping
entry |1 pages
Taiwan
entry |1 pages
Taixu
entry |1 pages
Tan Sitong
entry |1 pages
Tan'gun mythology in Korean thought
entry |1 pages
Tantra
entry |1 pages
Tantra, kundalini
entry |1 pages
Tantrayana in China
entry |1 pages
Tao Qian
entry |1 pages
Taotie
entry |1 pages
Tat tvam asi
entry |1 pages
Tathagatagarbha
entry |1 pages
Theravada Buddhism
entry |1 pages
Things
entry |1 pages
Three Truths
entry |1 pages
Time and being
entry |1 pages
Totalism
entry |1 pages
Totemism
entry |1 pages
Trigger
entry |1 pages
Trika Shaivism
entry |1 pages
Trinity and triune
entry |1 pages
Truth as sincerity
entry |1 pages
Tsongkhapa
entry |1 pages
Tsuda Mamichi
entry |1 pages
Two truths
letter |7 pages
U
entry |2 pages
Uchimura Kanzo
entry |2 pages
Udayana
entry |1 pages
Uich'on
entry |1 pages
Uisang
entry |2 pages
Upanishads
letter |14 pages
V
entry |4 pages
Vaibhashika
entry |3 pages
Vaisheshika
entry |2 pages
Vasubandhu
entry |3 pages
Veda
entry |1 pages
Vedanta
entry |1 pages
Vimalakirti
entry |2 pages
Vishishtadvaita
entry |1 pages
Vivekananda
letter |8 pages
W
entry |1 pages
Wang Chong
entry |2 pages
Watsuji Tetsuro
entry |1 pages
Well-field system
entry |4 pages
Western learning in Japan
entry |1 pages
Wonhyo
entry |1 pages
Wuwei
letter |7 pages
X
entry |1 pages
Xenophobia
entry |1 pages
Xi Kang
entry |1 pages
Xie Lingyun
entry |1 pages
Xin
entry |1 pages
entry |1 pages
Xiong Shili
entry |2 pages
Xunzi
letter |13 pages
Y
entry |2 pages
Yamuna
entry |1 pages
Yan Fu
entry |1 pages
The Yellow Emperor
entry |1 pages
Yi Hang-no
entry |1 pages
Yi T'oegye
entry |2 pages
Yi Yulgok
entry |1 pages
Yijing
entry |1 pages
Yin-yang harmony
entry |1 pages
Yoga
entry |3 pages
Yogachara
entry |1 pages
Yu Hyong-won
letter |19 pages
Z
entry |5 pages
Zarathushtra
entry |1 pages
Zhang Zai
entry |1 pages
Zhang Zhidong
entry |1 pages
Zhengming
entry |1 pages
Zhi Dun
entry |1 pages
Zhou Yong
entry |1 pages
Zhu Xi
entry |1 pages
Zhuangzi
entry |1 pages
Zongmi
entry |4 pages
Zoroastrian philosophy in the Denkard
entry |3 pages
Zoroastrianism
entry |1 pages
Zou Yan
entry |1 pages
Zurvanism