ABSTRACT
Preface xvii Sponsors xix
Tunnels, environment and public Positive impact of El Azhar road tunnels on environment, safety and tourism in Fatimid Cairo 3 A. Abd El M. Khalil
Why did the hydropower industry go underground? 9 E. Broch
Workforce competence in the United Kingdom tunnelling industry 15 R. Ibell, P.J. Jewell & D. Allenby
Microtunnelling or trench excavation: a comparison of the two alternatives 21 D. Peila & M. Bottero
Tunnels related to Metro, Highway and Sewerage schemes in Istanbul 27 M.C. Gumusoglu
Underground space use in Ancient Anatolia: the Cappadocia example 35 A. Erdem & Y. Erdem
Explosion tests in drainage pipes of long tunnels 41 V. Wetzig
A multi-level tunnel for Amsterdam Zuidas 45 L.I. Vákár, Th. S. de Wilde & E.L. Megens
Planning, research, development and design aspects on underground structures Design of pressure tunnels of Ermenek hydro power plant 53 M. Marence & A. Oberladstätter
Three-dimensional rock mass documentation in conventional tunnelling using JointMetriX3D 59 A. Gaich, W. Schubert & M. Pötsch
Highway D5 Pilsen highway by-pass – the Valik Tunnel 65 J. Svoboda & M. Salacˇ
A risk based methodology for optimum tunnel configuration 71 D.P. Richards, M.A. Hudson & M. Whitaker
Effect of ground water on tunnel face stability in the soft ground 77 S. Konishi, T. Ono, T. Kitagawa, H. Iida, A. Isogai & T. Matsunaga
Development of Anchor sheet segment and Push Resin Joint 85 S. Okamoto, Y. Yamamoto & T. Kunifuji
environmental impact to groundwater H. Ohtsu, Y. Ohnishi, T. Nishioka, K. Takahashi & T. Yasuda
Research plan and construction outline of the Mizunami Underground 101 Research Laboratory (MIU) in large depth for geoscience and geological disposal fundamental research M. Sakamaki, T. Sato, S.-I. Mikake, T. Kanata, K. Nakamura, M. Kubo, K. Akiyoshi, M. Noda, Y. Nishikawa & J. Nobutoh
Water-tightening design and construction of tailbay tunnels at Kannagawa Power Plant 109 F. Kawashima, M. Yamasaki, H. Ozawa, S. Ishizaki, T. Otani & N. Igarashi
Study on state and pattern analysis of Tunnel Portal Slope in Korea 117 Y. Baek, O.I. Kwon, H.B. Koo & G.J. Bae
Desilting chambers of Nathpa Jhakri hydroelectric project – case study of problems during 123 construction and remedial measures S.P.S. Chauhan & R. Jeyaseelan
Oporto light train. Bolhão station design 129 R.S. Pistone & M.C. Costa
A design case study of the very wide 3-arch tunnel under the railroad station building 135 S.B. Chang, S. Kwon, S.J. Moon & S.D. Lee
Rock mass characterization and primary support design for the Boztepe Tunnel, Turkey 141 E. Sopaci, H. Akgün & M. Akinci
Tunnel and portal stability assessment in weak rock 149 M.K. Koçkar & H. Akgün
Three-dimensional regions in tunnels 157 H. Gercek
Surface settlement prediction for Istanbul Metro tunnels via 3D FE and empirical methods 163 S.G. Ercelebi, H. Copur, N. Bilgin & C. Feridunoglu
Transportation demands in Istanbul and New York 171 A. Gursoy
Experimental study for shear behavior of pseudo rock joint under constant normal stiffness 175 condition H.-R. Rim, H.-J. Choi, B.-K. Son, C.-I. Lee & J.-J. Song
The effect of spatial distribution in geotechnical design parameters on tunnel deformation 183 K.I. Song, G.C. Cho, I.M. Lee & S.W. Lee
Behaviour of a large cross-section tunnel in a large-scale model test 191 C.J. Lee, J.S. Kim, N.Y. Ryu, S.D. Lee, K.H. Jeong & J.W. Yang
GIS-based application and intelligent management of geotechnical information and 197 construction data in tunnelling C.Y. Kim, S.W. Hong, K.Y. Kim, S.H. Baek, G.J. Bae, B.H. Han & K.S. Jue
A new approach to estimate plastic region near tunnel considering excavation induced 205 damage and in situ rock mass condition M. Sagong & J.S. Lee
The influence of the round length on the stability of tunnel face and unsupported span 211 Y. Zoo, Lee, W. Schubert & C.-Y. Kim
C. Yoo, S.B. Kim, H.C. Shin & S.C. Baek
Application of the multiple-layer supporting method to a tunnel in squeezing argillaceous rocks 225 S. Kemmochi, E. Taketsu, A. Ogawa, T. Aoki, M. Koike, R. Morita, H. Shirahata, N. Koya & M. Matsubara
On design analyses of NATM-tunnels 233 S.C. Möller & P.A. Vermeer
Case study of 3D fracture aperture density distribution technique on the assessment of 239 tunnel safety at new constructing road B.-J. Lee, J.-Y. Kim & Y.-S. Kim
A study on the reinforcement effect of Umbrella Arch Method and prediction of 245 tunnel crown and surface settlement S.-H. Kim, S.-H. Baek & H.-K. Moon
Numerical analysis of geotechnical parameters on subsidence due to underground mining 253 D.S. Cheon, S.O. Choi, Y.S. Jeon & C. Ryu
Model testing of perpendicularly spaced tunnels 259 S.-H. Kim
Design and construction of NATM underground station tunnel by using the forepoling 265 method in difficult conditions for Athens Metro P. Kontothanassis, N. Koronakis, A. Karinas & S. Massinas
Design of water isolation grouting for reducing high water inflows in urban shallow tunnels 271 N. Koronakis, P. Kontothanassis, D. Katsaris & J. Bournazos
Gotthard Base Tunnel – Sedrun section 277 Mastering squeezing rock zones H. Ehrbar
Engineering geology and design of primary support of road tunnels. Cases 283 from the Egnatia roadway N. Kazilis & G. Aggistalis
Rock reinforcement design for unstable tunnels originally excavated in very poor rock mass 291 R. Osgoui & E. Ünal
Estimation of subsidence due to mining using artificial neural network – preliminary study 297 Y.B. Jung, D.S. Cheon & S.O. Choi
Model tests on shotcrete to analyze early age behavior of tunnel support 303 T.B. Celestino & D.A. Ferreira
Design aspects of the Bangkok Blue Line Extension 309 C. Photayanuvat, N. Phien-wej & S. Suwansawat
Teaching tunnels: knowledge management and on-line databases 315 R.-M. Faure, J.-F. Thimus, G. Hemond, N. Faure & B. Lecomte
The 9 km long Kallidromo Tunnel of the New Highspeed Railway Line Athens-Thessaloniki, 321 Greece, Tunnel sections in squeezing ground W. Wittke, B. Wittke-Schmitt & D. Schmitt
New high-speed railway lines Stuttgart 21 and Wendlingen-Ulm – approximately 100 km of tunnels 327 W. Wittke & C. Erichsen
1000 m-deep shafts and research tunnels T. Sato, M. Imazu, S. Mikake, T. Tamai, M. Yamamoto & M. Sakamaki
Tunnel portal problems in landslide areas – Black Sea Highway Project, Turkey 343 M. Vardar, B. Koçak & H. Karaoglan
Jet-Grout application at Sarayköy Tunnel interval portals 347 M. Vardar, H. Karaoglan, K. Kaya & R. Mucukgil
Case study – deformations and remedial measures for Nefise Akçelik and Asarkayasi 353 tunnels on Black Sea Costal Road Project M. Vardar, H. Karaoglan, Z. Etkesen & E. Akis
Metsovitikos river north alignment of Egnatia Motorway. The concept and the tunnel designs 357 N. Kazilis, Ch. Georganopoulos & G. Aggistalis
New tunnel construction technique of pipe-roof method in saturated soft soil 365 J.k. Ge
Tunnelling in difficult ground and groundwater conditions 371 H. Quick & S. Meissner
Visualizing excavated soil flow in the cutter chamber of a large earth pressure balanced shield 377 H. Dobashi, Y. Sakurai, Y. Konishi, S. Ouchi, K. Matsubara, A. Kitayama & H. Takahashi
Planning and construction of Keelung River Yuanshantzu Flood-Diversion Tunnel Project 385 H. Shimizu, H. Hamada, T. Yasunaga, K. Taira & M. Kuniya
Application of the tunnel face reinforcement and fore-piling 391 T. Yamamoto, K. Murakami, S. Shirasagi, K. Negishi, K. Nishioka & T. Kobayashi
Tunnel excavation penetrating active landslide area – second-TOMEI Expressway Inasa 397 No. 2 Tunnel S. Tayama, K. Kanzawa, H. Hirano & S. Isoda
A deep open-cut excavation with three types of continuous retaining walls 405 H. Tsunoda, Y. Endo, I. Kamegaya, H. Kawakami, K. Fukumoto & A. Ueda
Application of the multiple-layer supporting method to a tunnel in squeezing argillaceous rocks 413 S. Kemmochi, E. Taketsu, A. Ogawa, T. Aoki, M. Koike, R. Morita, H. Shirahata, N. Koya & M. Matsubara
Support structure for tunneling in squeezing ground and secondary lining design 421 J. Yorita, M. Hanita, H. Takahara, K. Kawahara, H. Takahashi & M. Mitarashi
Ground reinforcement by the Pre-Supporting System Arch (PSS-Arch) method 427 K. Miyashita, H. Takahashi, M. Teranishi, S. Iwanaga, M. Inada, T. Matsuo & A. Nakakita
From research to practice “Development of Rapid Excavation Technologies” 435 S. Eskikaya, N. Bilgin, C. Balci & H. Tuncdemir
Jacked box tunnelling, a non-intrusive technique for constructing underbridges 443 J.W.T. Ropkins & D. Allenby
Ground borne vibration on the East Side Access Project Manhattan segment: issues and impacts 449 A. Benslimane, D.A. Anderson, N. Munfakh & S. Zlatanic
S.P. Lee, D.H. Kim, J.H. Ryu, J.Y. Yu, S.D. Lee, S.H. Han, M.S. Choi & C. Park
Successful application of the observational design method to difficult tunnel 463 conditions – Driskos tunnel P. Grasso, G. Scotti, G. Blasini, M. Pescara, V. Floria & N. Kazilis
Ground freezing improvement for TBM maintenance in Singapore 471 J. Itoh, Y.-S. Lee, S.-W. Yoo & S.-D. Lee
High pressure jet grouting in tunnels – a case study 477 A. Da Vià, M. Marotta & G. Peach
Gotthard Base Tunnel: special aspects and state of the works 485 M. Rehbock-Sander & Y. Boissonnas
Dobrovskeho Tunnels in Brno, CZ 491 V. Horak, J. Pechman & J. Rozek
New method of underground structures using multi elements which are jointed with the 497 specific junctions M. Shimizu, A. Watanabe, K. Nishijima, M. Kurisu, K. Kuwabara, T. Genjun & E. Arakawa
Contract management, financing and risk analysis The control of heavy squeezing phenomena in an Austrian road tunnel 505 N. Ayaydin & G. Huber
A study on the development of MI (Multiple Index) System for risk assessment of 509 tunnelling in urban subway Y.G. Wye, J.K. Park, D.U. You, C.R. Choi, Y.G. Kim & D.H. Lee
Determination of construction method for Young Dong Tunnel by risk assessment 515 Y.-II. Kim, Y.-H. Yoon, S.-K. Cho, J.-S. Kim & N.-Y. Lee
Managing the construction contract for the tunnels of the Bilbao Metro 521 J. Madinaveitia
Construction of highway tunnel financed by B.O.T. model management of risks in financing 527 Ünal I
. lker
Cost estimating and risk – management for underground projects 533 J.J. Reilly
A Tunneling Game Model for good tunneling practice 539 L. Rosas-Sanchez
Operation, maintenance, drainage, water proofing, rehabilitation, renovation and repair of underground structures New waterproof structure for New Austrian Tunneling Method 549 T. Komatsu, T. Nakamura, H. Kanda & M. Takada
Behavior of support structure of existing tunnels during enlargement of cross section 555 H. Mashimo, T. Ishimura, N. Isago & S. Morimoto
The underground drainage system using New Tubular Roof Method 563 P. Inn-Joon, K. Jeong-Yoon, Y. Kwang-Ho, K. Chang-Won & K. Kyong-Gon
membrane: the Giswil highway tunnel project, Switzerland W. Meier, K.G. Holter & S. Haeusermann
BioSealing: how micro-organisms become our little allies in repairing leaks in 575 underground constructions V. Veenbergen, J.W.M. Lambert, E.E. van der Hoek, A.F. van Tol & S.I. Weersma
Tunnel automation systems 581 M. Barut
Quantitative assessment of structural fire endurance of concrete and shotcrete tunnel liners 585 A. Caner, S. Zlatanic & N. Munfah
Consolidation and excavation works for the upgrading of Frejus tunnel 591 M. Pescara, G. Russo, F. Valdemarin & P. Grasso
Rehabilitation of Malatya-Narlı No: 7 Railroad Tunnel 599 B. Divleli & E. Unal
Safety aspects of railway tunnel: Example of the Lötschberg railway tunnel 605 B. Crausaz, A. Weatherill & P. Gerber
Tunnel refurbishment under railway operations 613 A. W. Ackermann & F. Modetta
Renewal of the Alpine San Bernardino tunnel with traffic flowing 619 P. Wenger & L. Schönenberger
Energy-saving lighting system for road tunnel 625 S. Nagai, S. Ishida, M. Shinji & K. Nakagawa
Earthquake hazards and seismic design of underground structures Seismic design method of immersed tunnel and effects of flexible joints 635 O. Kiyomiya
Seismic microzonation of Küçükçekmece-Halkalı region in Istanbul 641 H. Kılıç, P. T. Özener, M. Yıldırım, S. Adatepe & H. Demir
Seismic behaviour of tunnels in soft soil: parametric numerical study and investigation 649 on the causes of failure of the Bolu tunnel (Düzce, Turkey, 1999) A. Giannakou, P. Nomikos, I. Anastasopoulos, A. Sofianos, G. Gazetas & P. Yiouta-Mitra
Seismic assessment results and actual application in the complex ground conditions of 657 Bolu tunnels after the 1999 Duzce earthquake M. Ozben, F. Tokgozoglu & S. Isik
Author Index 663
Geological and geotechnical investigations Geotechnical & tunnelling conditions below buried valleys in Sydney, Australia. 669 Robert J. Whiteley
Geological risk assessment at the design stage in tunnel construction using GIS 675 technique: the case of the A1 Highway Base Tunnel in the Apennines (Italy) D. Furesi, M. Coli & G. Pini
Metro Tunnels Ö. Selimoglu
Geotechnical investigation program for the No. 7 subway line extension project, New York 687 E.C. Wang, R.B. Roberts, L.M. Hsia, C.M. Osborne, R. Jeremic & C.C. Chang
Some aspects for geotechnical investigations for TBM and NATM tunneling in rock 694 W. Wittke, J.H. Gattermann & P. Wittke-Gattermann
Rock mass classification and support design of the Kuskunkiran Tunnel in Van 701 E. Karahan, S. Cosar, S. Sözer & K. Kaya
Tunnel machines and mechanical excavations The development and application of shield posture automatic measuring system 709 X. Yue
Research on shield tunneling technology in urgent curve metro tunnels 715 Y. Chen. J. Yang & J. Zhu
Geotechnical and mechanical interactions using the earth-pressure balanced shield 723 technology in difficult mixed face and hard rock conditions U. Maidl
Soil conditioning for EPB machines: balance of functional and ecological properties 729 L. Langmaack & Q. Feng
Clogging of TBM drives in clay – identification and mitigation of risks 737 M. Thewes & W. Burger
Tunnel support by fully grouted rock bolts for fast TBM advance 743 M. Alber & S. Rühl
Geodetic instrumentation for use on machine bored tunnels 749 N. Clarke-Hackston, M. Messing & E. Ullrich
Development of divergence construction technology for deep road tunnels 759 H. Shikata & T. Aso
Application of ‘casting support tunneling system using TBM’ to unconsolidated soil 765 with high groundwater level H. Iida, T. Kitagawa, K. Chishiro, T. Ono, Yu. Koyama & A. Koizumi
Shield tunneling technologies in Japan 773 T. Goto, T. Masaka, K. Miki & S. Takaku
Compact shield tunneling method 779 M. Matsuura, S. Takaku, Y. Nagashima & Y. Moriya
Continuous tight curved belt conveyor of R30m did a TBM drift excavation a lot of 785 good-Shimizu No.4 tunnel on 2nd Tomei Expressway M. Noda, Y. Inoue, T. Fujita & K. Akiyoshi
Study on the deformation and load bearing capacity of TBM shield tunnel lining in fire 793 H. Tajima, M. Kishida, T. Kanda & T. Morita
The design and construction of a shield tunnel which have a non-excavating extension 801 part in the middle by the Japan longest distance class M. Takahashi, T. Tsunekawa, T. Kamei, T. Tsuji & K. Takimoto
A. Bezuijen, J.F.W. Joustra, A.M. Talmon & B. Grote
The performance of a roadheader in high strength rock formations in Küçüksu tunnel 815 N. Bilgin, D. Tumac, C. Feridunoglu, A.R. Karakas & M. Akgul
The performance of a full face tunnel boring machine (TBM) in Tarabya (Istanbul) 821 N. Bilgin, C. Feridunoglu, D. Tumac, M. Cinar, Y. Palakci, O. Gunduz & L. Ozyol
Slurry shield driven microtunnel applications in Istanbul 827 A.B. Akkaya, H. Copur, N. Omac & H.M. Yucel
Earth Pressure Balance tunnelling for two short drives for the New Mississippi Outfall, 833 Denver, Colarado J.Y. Kaneshiro, A.F. Stirbys & G.R. Fischer
Ground movements induced by Earth-Pressure Balanced, Slurry Shield and Compressed-Air 841 tunneling techniques on the Toulouse subway line B F. Emeriault, T. Bonnet-Eymard, R. Kastner, E. Vanoudheusden, G. Petit, J. Robert, J. Y. De Lamballerie & B. Reynaud
Large cross-section shield tunnel passing right under the Jyoban and Hibiya railway lines: 849 Minowa tunnel of the Tsukuba Express Line K. Sasaki, K. Sakamaki & S. Abe
Geotechnical problems encountered by tunnel boring machines mining in sedimentary rocks 857 C. Laughton
Uetliberg tunnel: comparison of drill and blast and mechanical heading 863 S. Maurhofer & M. Glättli
Microtunnelling in rock and soft ground strata – Asia Pacific experiences 871 Bala K. Balasubramaniam
Tunnel construction with Earth Pressure Balance shields and measures to minimize 877 settlements under urban infrastructure in London T. Schubert, K. Rieker, D. Court & C. Fice
FEM analysis of EPB tunneling bored underneath through underground obstruction 883 W. Teparaksa
Surface and subsurface ground deformation due to EPB tunneling in Bangkok subsoils 889 D. Luangpitakchumpol, W. Teparaksa, W. Pitaksaithong, C. Boonsong & J. Boonard
Ground improvement and settlement control Tunneling and measurements in unconsolidated ground 897 T. Kitagawa, H. Iida, T. Sudo, T. Matsunaga, S. Akutagawa & S. Konishi
Construction method of shallow railway tunnel in loose sandy ground 903 T. Kitagawa, H. Iida, Y. Tadenuma, S. Konishi, T. Ono & K. Okutsu
Behavior of center diaphragm tunnel with large cross section in earth ground 911 N. Tomisawa & M. Tamotsu
Longitudinal arching characteristics around face of a soil-tunnel with crown and 917 face-reinforcement – laboratory investigation Y.-K. Choi, J.-H. Park, O.-Y. Kwon & S.-B. Woo
State-of-the-art microcement pre-injection for the Jong-Asker Rail Tunnel, Norway 925 H.O. Hognestad & E. Frogner
K.K. Panthi & B. Nilsen
Deformed ground massif state during tunnel construction 939 G.G. Balandyuk
Laboratory testing of grout properties and their influence on back fill grouting 941 A. Bezuijen, W.H. van der Zon & A.M. Talmon
Modified New Austrian tunneling method in clay soils 949 Y. Eyigun, K. Moroy & A. Saglamer
Advanced grouting techniques for tunnel constructions under sensitive buildings 955 U. Arslan, W. Krajewski & P. Ripper
Improvement of Wet-mix shotcrete performance by addition of High Reactivity Metakaolin 959 G.-J. Bae, S.-H. Chang, H.-S. Shin, H.-G. Park, M.-S. Lee, J.-K. Kim & J.-P. Won
The use of horizontal inclinometers for the optimization of the rock mass – support interaction 967 G. Volkmann & W. Schubert
Tunnel excavation works in Taksim-Kabatas¸ funicular system project 973 E. Aykar, B. Arıoglu, N. Erdirik, A. Yüksel, T. Özbayır, E. Arıoglu & R. Yoldas¸
Resin-injection soil stabilization techniques used in underground construction carried on in 981 big cities in Russia A.B. Kondratov
Calculation of the stress intensity index of a sprayed concrete lining 985 R.B. Rokahr, R. Zachow & D. Zander-Schiebenhöfer
Prediction of ground deformation response for double tunnel Bangkok MRT subway 991 W. Teparaksa
New guidance on safety standards for road and railway tunnels 999 A. Focaracci
Study on anti-fire panel for vehicle fire in immersed tunnel 1005 Y. Matsuo, A. Mizobe & O. Kiyomiya
Proposed safety facilities for highway tunnels in Turkey 1013 I. Ünal & A. Nitta
Advanced studies on the propagation of fire in a motorway tunnel – case history by the test center 1019 S.J. Seirer & V. Wetzig
Dynamic fire spreading and water mist tests for the A86 east tunnel – description of the test 1025 set up and overview of the water mist tests X. Guigas, A. Weatherill, C. Bouteloup & V. Wetzig
Use of advanced fire fighting technologies of finely atomized water for fire protection of 1031 metro objects and tunnels A.S. Chirko, A.V. Karpyshev & M.D. Segal
Physical modeling of blasts and fires in tunnels 1035 V.P. Efremov, V.E. Fortov, V.V. Golub, M.E. Povarnitsyn, S.B. Viktorov & A.S. Chirko
Standardisation and research about fire safety in European traffic tunnels 1039 A. Haack
A. Beil & F. Aïssaoui
Prevention of accidents during the tunnel construction phase 1051 M. Bandmann, W. Chromy & A. Haack
Analytical methods and numerical modelling From documentation to prediction – a computer-based method for discontinuity analysis 1059 and block stability assessment in Tunnelling M. Pötsch, W. Schubert & A. Gaich
Gallery connection between the annexed structure and the TBM tunnel in soft ground 1065 Ashraf A. Abu-Krisha
Development and application of a long face reinforcing method with GFRP tubes in 1071 mountain tunneling Y. Mitarashi, T. Matsuo, H. Tezuka, T. Tsuji, T. Haba & T. Okabe
Probabilistic analysis of blasting-induced rock damages in tunneling 1079 I.M. Lee, B.K. Park, K.H. Cho & C.W. Park
Re-analysis of S¸anlıurfa tunnels by finite element method 1085 H. Tosun
Tunnel convergence analyses in heterogeneous/anisotropic rock masses 1091 C.Y. Kim, K.Y. Kim, S.H. Baek, S.W. Hong, G.J. Bae, S.H. Lee, W. Schubert, K. Grossauer & Y.Z. Lee
Determination of the mechanical properties of discontinuous rock masses by using PFC2D 1099 E.-S. Park, C.-H. Ryu & S.-H. Bae
Numerical simulations of SFRC precast tunnel segments 1105 G.A. Plizzari & L. Cominoli
Observed behavior of three-arch tunnel constructed in weathered soil 1113 K.H. Shin, J.K. Kim, S.R. Lee, Y.K. Kim & J.H. Noh
Evaluation of the stability and support design for the underground caverns in an abandoned gold mine 1121 S.K. Chung, Y.S. Jeon, C. Sunwoo & Y.B. Jung
Stability analyses of the dump site culvert in Tınaz Surface Mine 1127 Ö.C. Özcan & E. Ünal
Automated finite element model generation for tunnel forms 1135 A. Türer, Ökkes¸ Sultanoglu & A. S¸uyun
Three-dimensional numerical simulation of tunnel advancement on adjacent pile foundation 1141 C.H. Pang, K.Y. Yong & Y.K. Chow
Some considerations in finite element analysis of tunnelling 1149 C.H. Pang, K.Y. Yong & G.R. Dasari
3-D FEM analysis of closely spaced vertical twin tunnel 1155 Y. Zheng & W. Qiu
3D FEM analysis on mechanics behaviour of a new style railway tunnel portal 1161 J. Zhang, W. Qiu & F. Wang
Study on calculation method of frost force of tunnel in frozen earth 1167 W. Qiu & J. Wu
W. Wittke & M. Wittke
Building response to tunnelling in Brazil Salvador Metro 1179 S.B. Foá, I. Chissolucombe & A.P. Assis
Prediction of ground-condition ahead of tunnel face using electric resistivity – analytical study 1187 G.C. Cho, J.S. Choi, G.H. Lee & J.K. Lee
3D numerical simulation of the future Pinheiros Station – Line 4-Yellow of the São Paulo Subway 1195 F.M. Kuwajima & H.C. Rocha
Field measurements and monitoring Deformation monitoring of large tunnel wall under construction by digital photogrammetry 1203 measurement at Ritto Tunnel T. Nakai, M. Ryu, H. Miyauchi, S. Miura, Y. Ohnishi & S. Nishiyama
Channel Tunnel – monitoring strategy for the tunnel lining 1211 C. Choquet, A. Schwenzfeier & D.R. Lamont
Measurements of lining loads on a 3-arch tunnel in Daejeon subway, Korea 1215 H.J. Kim, S.H. Kim, G.J. Bae, J.K. Kim & D.S. Park
Impact on the environment of a shallow gallery excavated in Toulouse’s molasses by a 1219 conventional method E. Vanoudheusden, G. Petit, J. Robert, F. Emeriault, R. Kastner, J.Y. de Lamballerie & B. Reynaud
Geotechnical online support for tunnels in difficult ground 1227 W. Schubert, K. Grossauer & B.A. Moritz
Evaluation of the influence of the rock mass structure on the deformation behavior of tunnels 1233 T. Solak & W. Schubert
The importance of displacement prediction 1239 K. Grossauer, W. Schubert & P. Sellner
The development of an in-situ AE monitoring system and its application to rock 1245 engineering with particular emphasis on tunneling H. Tano, T. Abe & Ö. Aydan
A real-time multi-parameter monitoring system for assessing the stability of tunnels 1253 during excavation Ö. Aydan, M. Daido, H. Tano, T. Tokashiki & K. Ohkubo
Immersed tunnels Hydrodynamic forces on immersed tunnel elements during transportation and foundation 1263 B.P. Rigter & D. Schwanenberg
Marmaray project: requirements for the design and construction of the 1269 Bosphorus tunnel L.C.F. Ingerslev, H. Sakaeda, M. Takahashi & R. Castelli
Marmaray project: designing an immersed tunnel for the Bosphorus 1277 L.C.F. Ingerslev, H. Sakaeda & M. Takahashi
Dredged material management in immersed tube tunnel construction 1283 V. Tanal, F.S. Pehlivan, J.-N. Wang, Z. Ozerkan & I. Guler
V. Tanal & F.S. Pehlivan
Seismic hazard assessment and earthquake resistant design considerations for the 1295 Bosphorus tunnel project J.-N. (Joe) Wang, M. Erdik & S. Otake
Marmaray project: safety and ventilation strategy, Bosphorus crossing tunnels 1305 S. Lykke, W.D. Kennedy, M.M. Babur & F. Asci
Marmaray project: geological and geotechnical investigations 1309 O. S¸ims¸ek, S. Mitani & O. Altun
Marmaray project: tunnels and stations in BC contract 1315 S. Mitani, H. Sakaeda, H. S¸ahin & Ümit Çelik
Marmaray project: marine operations, the Bosphorus crossing 1321 S. Lykke, H. Sakaeda, V. Tanal, F. Koyama & I. Guler
Marmaray Project: Project Management, the Marmaray Project 1325 S. Lykke, H. Belkaya, H. Sakaeda & H. Özmen
Marmaray Project: contract strategy and minor tactics 1331 R. Harrison, S. Lykke, H. Sakaeda & M. Çilingir
Author Index 1339
