ABSTRACT
Examining every aspect of the culture from antiquity to the founding of Constantinople in the early Byzantine era, this thoroughly cross-referenced and fully indexed work is written by an international group of scholars.
This Encyclopedia is derived from the more broadly focused Encyclopedia of Greece and the Hellenic Tradition, the highly praised two-volume work. Newly edited by Nigel Wilson, this single-volume reference provides a comprehensive and authoritative guide to the political, cultural, and social life of the people and to the places, ideas, periods, and events that defined ancient Greece.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
letter |117 pages
A
entry |2 pages
Abortion
entry |2 pages
Academy of Athens
entry |3 pages
Acarnania
entry |2 pages
Achaea
entry |2 pages
Achilles Tatius
entry |2 pages
Acragas
entry |3 pages
Acropolis of Athens
entry |2 pages
Adoption
entry |2 pages
Adultery
entry |2 pages
Aegae
entry |1 pages
Aegina
entry |2 pages
Aeolians
entry |2 pages
Aeschines c.390–c.322 bc
entry |3 pages
Aeschylus c.525–456 bc
entry |3 pages
Aesop
entry |3 pages
Aesthetics
entry |2 pages
Aetolia
entry |2 pages
Afterlife
entry |2 pages
Agesilaus II c.444 –359 bc
entry |3 pages
Agora of Athens
entry |3 pages
Agriculture
entry |3 pages
Alchemy
entry |2 pages
Alcibiades 451/50–404/03 bc
entry |4 pages
Alexander III the Great 356–323 bc
entry |3 pages
Alexandria
entry |3 pages
Alphabet
entry |2 pages
Altars
entry |2 pages
Amasis
entry |2 pages
Amphipolis
entry |3 pages
Anatolia
entry |3 pages
Anatomy and Physiology
entry |2 pages
Anaxagoras c.500–428 bc
entry |2 pages
Anaximander
entry |3 pages
Ancestor Worship
entry |3 pages
Animals
entry |2 pages
Anthology, Greek
entry |4 pages
Anthropology, Social
entry |3 pages
Antigonids
entry |2 pages
Antiochus III the Great c.242–187 bc
entry |3 pages
Antiquity, Reception of
entry |2 pages
Apelles
entry |2 pages
Aphrodisias
entry |1 pages
Apollonius of Perge
entry |3 pages
Apollonius Rhodius c.295–215 bc
entry |2 pages
Appian c.ad 95–160s
entry |2 pages
Apulia
entry |2 pages
Arabs
entry |2 pages
Aratus
entry |1 pages
Arcadia
entry |3 pages
Archaeology
entry |3 pages
Archaic Period c.700–479 bc
entry |2 pages
Archilochus
entry |2 pages
Archimedes c.287–212/11 bc
entry |12 pages
Architecture
entry |2 pages
Archives
entry |2 pages
Argolid
entry |2 pages
Argos
entry |3 pages
Aristarchus of Samothrace c.215–c.143 bc
entry |2 pages
Aristides, Aelius ad 117–c.180
entry |2 pages
Aristocracy
entry |3 pages
Aristophanes
entry |1 pages
Aristotelianism
entry |4 pages
Aristotle 384–322 bc
entry |2 pages
Aristoxenus
entry |2 pages
Armenia
entry |2 pages
Army
entry |2 pages
Arrian c.ad 90–160
entry |1 pages
Arta
entry |2 pages
Astrology
entry |2 pages
Astronomy
entry |2 pages
Atheism
entry |3 pages
Athenaeus
entry |3 pages
Athens
entry |1 pages
Athos, Mount
entry |2 pages
Atomism
entry |3 pages
Attalids
entry |2 pages
Attica
letter |18 pages
B
entry |2 pages
Babrius
entry |2 pages
Bacchylides
entry |1 pages
Bactria
entry |2 pages
Banking
entry |2 pages
Beirut
entry |3 pages
Biography and Autobiography
entry |3 pages
Birth
entry |2 pages
Bithynia
entry |2 pages
Boeotia
entry |2 pages
Books and Readers
entry |2 pages
Botany
entry |2 pages
Bulgaria
entry |2 pages
Bureaucracy
entry |2 pages
Burial Practices
entry |1 pages
Byzantium
letter |64 pages
C
entry |2 pages
Calabria
entry |1 pages
Calendar
entry |3 pages
Callimachus c.320 bc–c.240 bc
entry |2 pages
Canals
entry |2 pages
Cappadocia
entry |2 pages
Carneades 214/13–129/28 bc
entry |2 pages
Carthage
entry |2 pages
Cartography
entry |3 pages
Cassius Dio c.ad 164 – after ad 229
entry |2 pages
Catana
entry |2 pages
Caucasus
entry |1 pages
Celibacy
entry |3 pages
Censorship
entry |2 pages
Chaeronea, Battle of
entry |2 pages
Chalcidice
entry |2 pages
Chalcis
entry |2 pages
Chersonese, Thracian
entry |2 pages
Chersonesus
entry |3 pages
Children
entry |2 pages
Chios
entry |1 pages
Chronicles
entry |2 pages
Chronology
entry |2 pages
Cilicia
entry |2 pages
Cimon c.510–c.450 bc
entry |2 pages
Cities
entry |2 pages
City State
entry |4 pages
Classical Period c.479–323 bc
entry |2 pages
Cleisthenes fl.525–505 bc
entry |2 pages
Clement of Alexandria, St c.ad 150–c.ad 215
entry |2 pages
Cleomenes III 260–219 bc
entry |2 pages
Cleopatra 69–30 bc
entry |2 pages
Climate
entry |3 pages
Coinage
entry |3 pages
Colonization
entry |4 pages
Comedy
entry |2 pages
Constantine I the Great 273/74–337
entry |2 pages
Contraception
entry |2 pages
Copais, Lake
entry |2 pages
Copper and Tin
entry |1 pages
Corcyra
entry |2 pages
Corinth
entry |2 pages
Corinth, Sack of 146 bc
entry |1 pages
Coronation
entry |2 pages
Cos
entry |3 pages
Cosmology
entry |2 pages
Crates of Mallus
entry |2 pages
Crete
entry |3 pages
Cult
entry |1 pages
Cyclades
entry |2 pages
Cynics
entry |2 pages
Cyprus
entry |3 pages
Cyrenaica
entry |2 pages
Cyrene
letter |46 pages
D
entry |2 pages
Dance
entry |3 pages
Dark Age 1200–700 bc
entry |2 pages
Dead, Cult of The
entry |2 pages
Death
entry |3 pages
Delian League
entry |2 pages
Delos
entry |2 pages
Delphi
entry |3 pages
Democracy
entry |4 pages
Demography
entry |2 pages
Demons and Spirits
entry |3 pages
Demosthenes 384 –322 bc
entry |2 pages
Dialectic
entry |3 pages
Dialects
entry |2 pages
Dio Cocceianus c.ad 40–112
entry |2 pages
Diodorus Siculus
entry |3 pages
Diogenes Laertius
entry |2 pages
Diogenes of Sinope
entry |2 pages
Dionysius I c.430–367 bc
entry |3 pages
Dionysius of Halicarnassus
entry |2 pages
Dioscurides fl. c.ad 45–75
entry |2 pages
Diplomacy
entry |2 pages
Disease
entry |3 pages
Dithyramb
entry |2 pages
Divination
entry |2 pages
Divorce
entry |2 pages
Dodecanese
entry |2 pages
Dodona
entry |3 pages
Dorians
entry |2 pages
Dowry
entry |2 pages
Dreams
entry |2 pages
Dress
entry |2 pages
Dyrrhachium
letter |42 pages
E
entry |2 pages
Earthquakes
entry |2 pages
Ecology
entry |3 pages
Economy
entry |3 pages
Education
entry |3 pages
Egypt
entry |3 pages
Eleusis
entry |2 pages
Emigration
entry |2 pages
Empedocles c.492–432 bc
entry |1 pages
Enamel
entry |3 pages
Epaminondas
entry |2 pages
Ephesus
entry |2 pages
Ephorus
entry |2 pages
Epicurus 341–270 bc
entry |2 pages
Epidaurus
entry |2 pages
Epigram
entry |2 pages
Epirus
entry |2 pages
Epistolography
entry |2 pages
Erasistratus c.315–c.240 bc
entry |2 pages
Eratosthenes
entry |2 pages
Eretria
entry |1 pages
Estates
entry |4 pages
Ethics
entry |2 pages
Etruscans
entry |3 pages
Euboea
entry |2 pages
Euclid
entry |2 pages
Eudoxus c.390–c.340 bc
entry |2 pages
Eunuchs
entry |3 pages
Euripides c.480–c.407/06 bc
entry |2 pages
Evagoras c.445–374/73 bc
entry |2 pages
Evil Eye
entry |2 pages
Execias
entry |2 pages
Exile and Detention
letter |18 pages
F
entry |2 pages
Fable
entry |2 pages
Fairs and Markets
entry |3 pages
Family
entry |1 pages
Fasts
entry |2 pages
Fate
entry |3 pages
Federal States
entry |3 pages
Festivals
entry |2 pages
Finance
entry |2 pages
Fishing
entry |2 pages
Florina
entry |2 pages
Food and Drink
entry |2 pages
Foreigners
entry |2 pages
Forestry
entry |2 pages
Freedom
entry |2 pages
Furniture
letter |23 pages
G
entry |3 pages
Galen ad 129–?208/16
entry |2 pages
Games and Sports
entry |3 pages
Gardens
entry |1 pages
Gaza
entry |2 pages
Gems and Seals
entry |2 pages
Gender
entry |3 pages
Geography
entry |3 pages
Geology
entry |3 pages
Geometric Period c.900–c.700 bc
entry |1 pages
Georgia
entry |4 pages
Glass
entry |3 pages
Gods and Goddesses
entry |2 pages
Gold
entry |2 pages
Gortyn
entry |2 pages
Government, Theories of
entry |2 pages
Grammar
letter |44 pages
H
entry |2 pages
Hades
entry |2 pages
Hadrian ad 76–138
entry |2 pages
Halicarnassus
entry |2 pages
Harbours
entry |2 pages
Healing Cults
entry |3 pages
Health
entry |2 pages
Hecataeus of Miletus
entry |2 pages
Heliodorus
entry |2 pages
Hellenes
entry |3 pages
Hellenistic Period 323–31 bc
entry |2 pages
Hellenization
entry |2 pages
Heraclitus fl. c.500 bc
entry |3 pages
Herodas
entry |2 pages
Herodes Atticus c.ad 101/03–177
entry |2 pages
Herodotus 484–c.425 bc
entry |3 pages
Heroes and Heroines
entry |2 pages
Heron
entry |2 pages
Herophilus c.330–c.260 bc
entry |2 pages
Hesiod
entry |3 pages
Hieron I
entry |2 pages
Hieronymus of Cardia c.364–?260 bc
entry |2 pages
Hipparchus
entry |2 pages
Hippocrates c.460–c.370 bc
entry |2 pages
Hippocrates' Oath, translated by the author
entry |3 pages
Historiography
entry |3 pages
Homer
entry |2 pages
Homosexuality
entry |2 pages
Honour and Shame
entry |3 pages
Hospitality
entry |2 pages
Hunting
entry |2 pages
Hymnography
letter |19 pages
I
entry |2 pages
Identity
entry |2 pages
Illyrians
entry |3 pages
Imperial Cult
entry |2 pages
Imperialism
entry |3 pages
Inheritance
entry |4 pages
Inscriptions
entry |2 pages
Instruments, Musical
entry |1 pages
Ioannina
entry |3 pages
Ionians
entry |2 pages
Iron
entry |2 pages
Isocrates c.436–338 bc
entry |2 pages
Italy
entry |3 pages
Ivory
letter |7 pages
J
entry |3 pages
Jewellery
entry |3 pages
Jews
entry |2 pages
Josephus, Flavius ad 37–after ad 93
entry |2 pages
Judicial Procedure
letter |6 pages
K
entry |1 pages
Kalamata
entry |2 pages
Kavalla
entry |4 pages
Kinship
entry |2 pages
Knossos
letter |30 pages
L
entry |2 pages
Laconia
entry |3 pages
Land Tenure
entry |2 pages
Landscape
entry |4 pages
Language
entry |2 pages
Larissa
entry |2 pages
Laurium
entry |3 pages
Law
entry |2 pages
Lebadea
entry |1 pages
Lemnos
entry |2 pages
Leonidas c.530–480 bc
entry |2 pages
Lesbos
entry |2 pages
Libanius ad 314–c.393
entry |2 pages
Libraries
entry |2 pages
Linear B
entry |2 pages
Literacy
entry |3 pages
Logic
entry |2 pages
Longus
entry |2 pages
Lucian c.ad 120–180
entry |2 pages
Lyceum
entry |1 pages
Lycia
entry |3 pages
Lycophron
entry |2 pages
Lysander
entry |2 pages
Lysias c.459/58–c.375 bc
entry |2 pages
Lysippus
letter |55 pages
M
entry |2 pages
Macedonia
entry |2 pages
Magic
entry |2 pages
Magistrates
entry |3 pages
Magna Graecia
entry |3 pages
Mallia
entry |1 pages
Mani
entry |2 pages
Marathon, Battle Of
entry |3 pages
Marble and other Decorative Stones
entry |2 pages
Marriage
entry |2 pages
Massilia
entry |3 pages
Mathematics
entry |2 pages
Mausolus
entry |3 pages
Medicine
entry |2 pages
Megalopolis
entry |2 pages
Megara
entry |2 pages
Melos
entry |3 pages
Men
entry |2 pages
Menander 342–292 bc
entry |2 pages
Messene
entry |2 pages
Messenia
entry |3 pages
Metalwork
entry |3 pages
Metaphysics
entry |2 pages
Metics
entry |2 pages
Miletus
entry |3 pages
Military League
entry |2 pages
Minerals and other Natural Resources
entry |3 pages
Mines and Quarries
entry |3 pages
Minoans
entry |2 pages
Missionaries
entry |3 pages
Monarchy
entry |2 pages
Mosaic
entry |3 pages
Museum of Alexandria
entry |3 pages
Music
entry |2 pages
Mycenae
entry |2 pages
Mycenaeans
entry |2 pages
Mysticism
entry |5 pages
Mythology
letter |14 pages
N
entry |2 pages
Naucratis
entry |2 pages
Naupactus
entry |1 pages
Nauplia
entry |2 pages
Navy
entry |1 pages
Naxos
entry |2 pages
Necromancy
entry |2 pages
Neoplatonism
entry |3 pages
Nero ad 37–68
entry |1 pages
Nicaea
entry |3 pages
Nicander
entry |1 pages
Nicopolis
entry |2 pages
Nonnus
entry |3 pages
Novel
letter |20 pages
O
entry |2 pages
Obsidian
entry |2 pages
Olbia
entry |2 pages
Oligarchy
entry |2 pages
Olive
entry |2 pages
Olympia
entry |2 pages
Olympic Games
entry |2 pages
Olympus, Mount
entry |2 pages
Olynthus
entry |4 pages
Onomastics
entry |2 pages
Oracles
entry |3 pages
Oral Tradition
entry |2 pages
Orchomenus
entry |2 pages
Orgiastic Cults
entry |2 pages
Origen ad 184/85–254/55
entry |2 pages
Orphism
entry |1 pages
Ostracism
letter |93 pages
P
entry |2 pages
Paestum
entry |2 pages
Painting
entry |2 pages
Palestine
entry |2 pages
Pamphylia
entry |3 pages
Paphos
entry |3 pages
Papyrus and Parchment
entry |2 pages
Parmenides c.515–c.440 bc
entry |2 pages
Parthians
entry |3 pages
Pastoralism
entry |1 pages
Patmos
entry |2 pages
Patras
entry |2 pages
Paul, St
entry |2 pages
Pausanias c.ad 115–180
entry |2 pages
Pelion, Mount
entry |2 pages
Pella
entry |2 pages
Peloponnese
entry |4 pages
Peloponnesian War 431–404 bc
entry |2 pages
Pergamum
entry |4 pages
Pericles c.492–429 bc
entry |3 pages
Persian Wars
entry |2 pages
Persians
entry |3 pages
Phaestus
entry |2 pages
Phidias
entry |2 pages
Philip II 383/82–336 bc
entry |1 pages
Philip V 238–179 bc
entry |2 pages
Philo
entry |2 pages
Philodemus c.110–40 bc
entry |2 pages
Philopoemen c.252–182 bc
entry |4 pages
Philosophy
entry |2 pages
Phoenicians
entry |2 pages
Physics
entry |2 pages
Pindar c.518–c.438 bc
entry |2 pages
Pindus
entry |2 pages
Piracy
entry |2 pages
Piraeus
entry |4 pages
Pisistratus
entry |2 pages
Plataea
entry |3 pages
Plato 429–347 bc
entry |2 pages
Plotinus ad 205–269/70
entry |2 pages
Plutarch c.ad 50–120
entry |3 pages
Poetry, Epic
entry |2 pages
Poetry, Lyric
entry |4 pages
Political History to 490 bc
entry |3 pages
Political History 490–323 bc
entry |4 pages
Political History 323–31 bc
entry |3 pages
Political History 31 bc–ad 330
entry |2 pages
Polybius c.200–c.118 bc
entry |3 pages
Polygnotus
entry |1 pages
Pontus
entry |2 pages
Porphyry ad 234–c.305
entry |3 pages
Portraiture
entry |2 pages
Posidonius c.135 bc–c.51 bc
entry |3 pages
Pottery
entry |2 pages
Praxiteles
entry |3 pages
Prehistory
entry |2 pages
Priene
entry |2 pages
Priesthood
entry |2 pages
Prostitution
entry |3 pages
Ptolemies
entry |2 pages
Ptolemy
entry |2 pages
Purple
entry |3 pages
Pydna
entry |1 pages
Pylos
entry |3 pages
Pyrrho c.365–275 bc
entry |2 pages
Pyrrhus 319–272 bc
entry |2 pages
Pythagoras
letter |11 pages
R
entry |3 pages
Religion
entry |2 pages
Rhetoric
entry |3 pages
Rhodes
entry |4 pages
Roman Period 31 bc–ad 330
entry |2 pages
Romania
entry |2 pages
Rome
letter |52 pages
S
entry |1 pages
Sacrifice
entry |3 pages
Salamis (City)
entry |2 pages
Salamis (Island)
entry |1 pages
Samos
entry |2 pages
Samothrace
entry |2 pages
Sanctuaries
entry |2 pages
Santorini
entry |2 pages
Sappho
entry |2 pages
Satyr Play
entry |2 pages
Scepticism
entry |3 pages
Scholarship, History of
entry |2 pages
Schools and Universities
entry |2 pages
Scopas fl.360–335 bc
entry |4 pages
Sculpture
entry |1 pages
Second Sophistic
entry |3 pages
Seleucids
entry |1 pages
Serres
entry |3 pages
Ships and Shipping
entry |4 pages
Sicily
entry |3 pages
Siegecraft
entry |2 pages
Silk
entry |1 pages
Silver and Lead
entry |1 pages
Simonides
entry |2 pages
Sinope
entry |2 pages
Skopje
entry |3 pages
Slavery
entry |1 pages
Smyrna
entry |2 pages
Socrates 470–399 bc
entry |2 pages
Biography
entry |2 pages
Solon c.640–c.560 bc
entry |2 pages
Song
entry |1 pages
Sophists
entry |3 pages
Sophocles c.496–406 bc
entry |2 pages
Spain
entry |3 pages
Sparta
entry |2 pages
Spells
entry |2 pages
Sporades
entry |3 pages
Stoicism
entry |2 pages
Strabo c.64 bc–c.ad 19
entry |1 pages
Superstition
entry |3 pages
Syllabary, Cypriot
entry |1 pages
Symi
entry |2 pages
Symposium
entry |2 pages
Syracuse
entry |2 pages
Syria
letter |32 pages
T
entry |2 pages
Tarentum
entry |2 pages
Taxation
entry |4 pages
Technology
entry |2 pages
Textiles
entry |2 pages
Thasos
entry |2 pages
Theatres
entry |2 pages
Thebes
entry |3 pages
Themistocles c.525–459 bc
entry |2 pages
Theocritus
entry |2 pages
Theophrastus c.371–c.287 bc
entry |2 pages
Theopompus 378/77–c.320 bc
entry |1 pages
Thessalonica
entry |2 pages
Thessaly
entry |2 pages
Thrace
entry |3 pages
Thucydides
entry |2 pages
Timaeus
entry |1 pages
Tinos
entry |2 pages
Tiryns
entry |2 pages
Tourism
entry |3 pages
Town Planning
entry |1 pages
Trade
entry |3 pages
Tragedy
entry |2 pages
Transhumance
entry |2 pages
Translation From Greek
entry |2 pages
Travel
entry |2 pages
Trebizond
entry |1 pages
Trikkala
entry |2 pages
Trojan War
entry |2 pages
Tyranny
letter |4 pages
U
entry |2 pages
Ukraine
entry |3 pages
Urbanization
letter |4 pages
V
entry |1 pages
Verroia
entry |2 pages
Village Society
entry |1 pages
Vine
entry |2 pages
Volcanoes
entry |1 pages
Votive Offerings
letter |8 pages
W
entry |3 pages
Warfare
entry |3 pages
Water Management
entry |2 pages
Women
entry |2 pages
Women's Cults
entry |2 pages
Woodworking
letter |3 pages
X
entry |2 pages
Xanthus
entry |2 pages
Xenophon c.430-c. 353 bc
letter |4 pages
Z
entry |2 pages
Zeno of Citium 335–263 bc
entry |3 pages
Zoology
