ABSTRACT
This chapter reviews the existing critiques of Artificial Intelligence (AI) from philosophers. It gives some background about the intellectual traditions that influence the critiques of AI. “Phenomenology is the study of structures of consciousness as experienced from the first-person point of view” and is arguably as old as Buddhism, but it “came to full flower in Husserl”. The rationalistic orientation pervades, therefore, not only computer science and AI but also scientific psychology, management theory, linguistics, and cognitive science. In nature, any system that has a boundary and tries to control the environment for its benefit using its body can be considered a form of life. Hermeneutics was for most of its history not a philosophical tradition, but rather the theory of how to correctly understand religious texts. Dreyfus blames the overwhelming success of physics for the biases of the AI research programme.
