ABSTRACT
This chapter examines models and modeling practices across the STEM disciplines and summarizes different disciplinary interpretations of modeling. The chapter presents an argument for models and modeling as natural opportunities for STEM integration, but it also suggests the need to understand similarities and differences across mathematics, science, engineering, and computational sciences. Some aspects include modeling for simulation, prototyping, representation, or description. Modeling is inherently integrated since it is a process of applying disciplinary knowledge to describe, explain, represent, and predict real phenomena.
