ABSTRACT
The main techniques used for metal ions removing from solutions are traditional methods or electrochemical methods. Electrochemical methods could be recovering and/or destructive methods. In general, electrochemical methods can be divided into recovery methods and destructive methods. Electrochemical methods have found wide application in the prevention and elimination of environmental pollution, treating liquid and gaseous effluents, the latter being most often captured in fluids. The choice of a particular type of electrochemical reactor for different applications is imposed by entirely different standards. In the case of electrochemical reactors where the process of interest is metal ions recovery, they are classified according to deposited metal recovery form, metal recovery process, electrode geometry and movement, main design possibilities, reactor design, and operation mode. Metal recovery from recyclable waste is a less energy-intensive process than getting raw material from mineral resources (taking into account the increasing limitation of natural resources).
