ABSTRACT
Early in the history of research in culture and personality, Gregory Bateson made explicit the necessity for giving to the cognitive aspects of personality a weight and attention equal to that devoted to the emotional. However, earlier exploratory thinking by Edward Sapir and others on the relationship between culture and personality had been rooted in the concepts of psychoanalysis, a system of theory anchored almost exclusively to the biological and emotional determinants of psychological process. The European and Trukese cognitive strategies just outlined differ in at least two essential respects. One is that the European procedure can be described fully in words by the navigator. The cognitive strategy of the European navigator can be characterized as essentially deductive, proceeding from principles to details. Before he embarks upon a voyage, or upon a new course, he takes into account a number of factors, both general and specific, which will govern his subsequent actions.
