ABSTRACT

The Roots of Fake News argues that ‘fake news’ is not a problem caused by the power of the internet, or by the failure of good journalism to assert itself. Rather, it is within the news’s ideological foundations – professionalism, neutrality, and most especially objectivity – that the true roots of the current ‘crisis’ are to be found.

Placing the concept of media objectivity in a fuller historical context, this book examines how current perceptions of a crisis in journalism actually fit within a long history of the ways news media have avoided, obscured, or simply ignored the difficulties involved in promising objectivity, let alone ‘truth’. The book examines journalism’s relationships with other spheres of human endeavour (science, law, philosophy) concerned with the pursuit of objective truth, to argue that the rising tide of ‘fake news’ is not an attack on the traditional ideologies which have supported journalism. Rather, it is an inevitable result of their inherent flaws and vulnerabilities.

This is a valuable resource for students and scholars of journalism and history alike who are interested in understanding the historical roots, and philosophical context of a fiercely contemporary issue.

chapter |14 pages

Crisis?

chapter |12 pages

Foreword

Roots, fakery, and objectivity

part |91 pages

Roots

chapter 1|16 pages

‘Strange newes’

Printed news 1485—

chapter 2|17 pages

‘Newes’

The coming of the newspaper 1600—

chapter 3|19 pages

‘Booming a newspaper’

NEWSPAPERS and news-media 1800—

chapter 4|15 pages

‘Oh, the humanity!’

Legacy news media 1900—

chapter 5|13 pages

Online

Digital news 1980—

chapter 6|9 pages

‘Info wars’

News platforms 2000—

part |70 pages

Objecting to objectivity

chapter 7|10 pages

Fact

‘Hard’ science

chapter 8|13 pages

Fact

‘Thick’ descriptions

chapter 9|13 pages

Judgement

The legal mindset

chapter 10|10 pages

Judgement

The fine print

chapter 11|11 pages

Truth

The philosophical approach

chapter 12|11 pages

Truth

Moral philosophy

part |26 pages

The fourth estate

chapter 13|14 pages

Shouting fire on a crowded website

chapter 14|10 pages

Speaking truth to power