ABSTRACT
Animals need internal indicators of the conditions, generally external conditions, in which their behavior occurs and on which its success depends. As long as belief is a form of internal representation, however exclusive this form of representation may be, the evolutionary pressure for reliability in the mechanisms for producing and fixing belief will remain the same. With regard to a belief about how things look, Clyde evinces a degree of reliability that may be enough for knowledge. If Clyde’s beliefs are internal representations, then Clyde’s beliefs are certainly in his head. So in that sense a question about what Clyde believes, a question about what his current representations are representation of, is a question about what representations are currently in Clyde’s head. If Clyde can talk, he will certainly say one thing and not another. He will either say, “It is red” or he will say “It looks red.”
