ABSTRACT
In 1947, when India became independent, some of the most prominent architects of India's freedom movement held markedly different views of what India's future society should look like. Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first prime minister, felt India should move self-consciously toward a socialist, urban, industrialized society united in its commitment to "humanism and the scientific spirit". Many of the events that occurred in Indian society during 1986 are more understandable when seen within the context of India's constitution. When the architects of India's freedom movement were framing India's constitution, none of them formulated a national population policy. In 1986 the Government of India continued to rely on voluntary family planning to slow down its rate of population growth, with clearly limited impact. India's other national leaders similarly lacked any general consensus regarding rural or urban policies. Home-appliance stores in India's cities offer wide selections of washing machines, vacuum cleaners, mixer-grinders, electric cookers, hot water heaters and air conditioners.
