ABSTRACT
This chapter examines the agricultural reform in mainland China in terms of its present condition, its possible development, and the problems confronting it. The distribution of land originally used for collective farming to peasants for individual farming began in September 1980. According to the Chinese Communist news media, many of the questions concerning the reorganization of the commune are to be decided by the people after they have made experiments. After the contracting of farmland to peasants for individual farming, the income of those who are more skilled in farming and can do heavy work has increased because, with material incentive, they become more enthusiastic in their work. The existence of individual economy and semi-free farming under the new tenancy relationship has given rise to greater liberalization. To make more money, peasants have sometimes even violated government regulations on economic activities.
