ABSTRACT
The Reagan administration sought to counter congressional action that was bound to be protectionist with the promise of multilateral negotiations. Although interested in bringing trade in agriculture and textiles into the same set of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade rules that governed trade in manufactured goods, the developing countries were not enthusiastic about negotiating "new" issues. The Tokyo Round agreement and codes left many problems unresolved, including trade in agriculture, the inconsistency of the Multifibre Arrangement for trade in textiles with GAIT principles, and safeguards issues. By midnight, once India and the United States had come to an agreement that the negotiation on services would be undertaken separately; other disputed issues such as trade-related intellectual property and investment measures were quickly settled. In mid-1991, India, the other major bastion of inward orientation in Group of Ten, began dismantling its barriers to trade and direct foreign investment. Other developing countries had begun their trade reforms and unilateral liberalization even earlier.
