ABSTRACT
The first and foremost concern for capacity-building in science and technology in the Third World is how to fundamentally improve the quality and productivity of the Third World’s science system. In every Third World country, there is a science system. A society’s science system is a constellation of all its beliefs and perceptions about science and technology. Initially, it is these aspects of the quality and productivity of the science system of the Third World which need to be improved and modernized for capacity-building in science and technology in the Third World. The poor condition of Third World science and technology exists in part because of its resource constraints and, perhaps more so, because there are enormous institutional and organizational problems. Science and technology development in the Third World also depends on how Third World scientists and science policymakers perceive and understand the relationships between science and technology.
