ABSTRACT
This chapter examines the breeding concepts for improved beef cattle performance relative to known effects of subtropical and tropical environments and explores the management opportunities to control performance. Beef cattle production management and industry development involve several interdependent resources and their utilization. Beef cattle production is possible in nearly all climates where forages are available. Cattle production and breeding for genetic improvement in the tropical climates has been recognized as uniquely different. Genetic improvement of existing cattle is at best a slow process and probably is limited by major environmental effects. The Brahman breed is noted for its "adaptive" merits, particularly to tropical climates, yet it is a very poor breed on a fitness evaluation in subtropical and temperate climates. Crossbreeding should be the most effective breeding strategy for maximum benefit. The unique pairing of genetic and environmental effects makes research a must in a specific climate to properly direct breeding programs.
