ABSTRACT
This chapter explores in detail how a Communist model is applied vis-a-vis the rural societies and indigenous people which make up the Fourth World of peasant and tribal populations in specific Third World states. Lenin manipulated the notion of imperialism to gain support for the Bolshevik regime in colonial and underdeveloped countries. Bolshevik policy in the Third World was based on the assumption that the encouragement of national liberation movements would assist the process of socialist revolution in the capitalist West by detaching markets for the export of capital. Inducements and pressures are applied to enlarge the insurgent forces amidst promises of radical improvements following a Communist victory. Mao Zedong was the first Communist leader to give substance to the notion that in colonial or semi-colonial countries, a "peoples' war" could launch a Marxist-Leninist Party into power. The enormous Chinese peasant population was in many respects the central issue in Communist policy.
