ABSTRACT
The period from 1867—from the so-called Constitutional Compromise between the Habsburg monarchy and the Hungarian government—to 1914 saw rapid industrialization and modernization in Hungary and also relatively democratic and liberal political conditions within the Habsburg empire. After the Second World War it seemed for some time that a democratic and liberal multiparty system might be established in Hungary. In 1945 poverty was treated as a problem of society as a whole, caused by the war. The Sociological Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences was founded in 1963. The beginning of the change of regime in Hungary might be set as early as the spring of 1988, when J. Kadar retired from leadership of the Communist Party. After the change of regime, publication of scientific books and journals in Hungary almost ceased, because of the abolition of price subventions formerly provided by the state budget.
