ABSTRACT
In this chapter, the authors look at four states: Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala. Comparisons with these states are more complex, since some factors are positive and others negative. The positive effects of commercialization are overridden by state policies and interventions. Ideally, each state should receive the same lengthy analysis as Maharashtra, Gujarat, and West Bengal; but the authors' knowledge concerning these other regions is not sufficiently detailed to make such an attempt fruitful. Considering that U.P. is first in terms of population while Gujarat is only tenth, it is remarkable that the latter has more share capital and working capital invested in cooperatives than the former. As for Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Kerala, they are roughly equal to Gujarat in terms of population, share capital, and working capital. One feature of cooperatives in U.P., Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala is their high rate of morbidity and mortality.
