ABSTRACT

The critical period hypothesis has intrigued developmental biological scientists since its introduction by embryologists around the turn of the century. The critical period was the relatively brief time in which major changes in organization would occur, following which further changes are unlikely or impossible. The critical period concept in behavioral science was initially concerned with social development. It was later extended to studies of the effects of stimulation on subsequent endocrinological and adaptive behavioral changes in rats. Mothers bring to the event of childbirth not only memories of their own experience with maternal care, but also culturally incorporated values and expectations. Furthermore, maternal behaviors and attitudes are frequently symbolic of other issues. The major studies for larger mammals were done by L. Herscher, J. B. Richmond and A. H. Moore. They found maternal behavior in sheeps and goats was modified by separation of mother and infant in the immediate neonatal period.