ABSTRACT
Pakistan became independent in 1947 and had little indigenous capacity in science and technology, because most of the research institutions, universities, and industries were located in areas that constituted India. The ball-point pen manufacturing facility, namely Sayyed Engineers, Ltd., is located in the Small Industries Estates at Gujranwala, approximately forty miles from Lahore. The site was developed by the Pakistani government with foreign assistance to provide a centralized service center for small, self-supporting industries and a better source of bargaining power for the small industries in their relations with the government. The special-purpose machines manufactured in Pakistan include pigment mixers, printing machines, injection molding machines and molds, and automatic tapping machines. According to Sayed Ajmal Hussain, the injection molding machines and the molds themselves represent particularly interesting achievements for Pakistan. While all the raw materials for Hussain’s operation are imported, the value-added component is considerable.
