ABSTRACT

Kidney transplantation is at global cross-roads in relation to Living Donor Transplantation (LDT). One direction is to accept the maleficent consequences of growing waiting lists by continuing the path of limited LDT use. The other is to increase LDT dramatically, gaining the quality of life and economic rewards that can come from much higher rates of transplantation without contravening donor rights or strict limits to donor maleficence. Generally the countries with the most favourable attitude towards pre-dialysis transplantation were those who conducted a high amount of LDT p.m.p. Much of the research now being connected in relation to transplantation is in cloning, artificial organs and xenotransplantation. In LDT specifically one of the developing area is non-renal forms of donation where in many cases empirical analysis is required to more closely evaluate beneficence and maleficence and begin to evaluate participant and practitioner attitudes and experience.