ABSTRACT
The first great conflict between Empire and Papacy ended with the death of the excommunicated Henry IV in 1106, and the schism was healed by the reconciliation of his son Henry V with the Church. A natural concomitant of the revival of papal authority under Urban II had been the regular holding of papal synods, in North Italy, in France, and at Rome, where canons for the good order and government of the Church were officially promulgated. When Henry V was reconciled with the Church in 1105, Paschal expected from him immediate compliance with the papal decrees which had been passed during the schism. In Bavaria, Suabia, and Saxony the old ducal authority was being revived, and the duchies were tending to become autonomous under their dukes. The terms of the Concordat were by no means unfavourable for the Emperor, and were not unlike those of Paschal’s concordat with Henry I of England.
