ABSTRACT
DIRECT-TO-CONSUMER GENETIC TESTING Direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic testing differs from traditional genetic testing in that consumers order tests and receive test results without an independent medical provider serving as an intermediary. Some DTC companies offer genetic counseling (generally by telephone), whereas others do not. These tests are typically advertised and sold over the Internet. DTC is permitted in about half the states in the United States and is subject to little oversight at the federal level. Internationally, several countries have issued reports cautioning against its use, and several European countries have banned or are considering banning it entirely. The American Society of Human Genetics has issued guidelines for transparency, provider education, and test and laboratory quality on DTC genetic testing (3). The American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) suggests the following regarding DTC genetic testing (www.acmg.net):
l A knowledgeable professional should be involved in the process of ordering and interpreting a genetic test.
