ABSTRACT

Alkylphenols (APs) are degradation products of alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEOs), which have been used as detergents, wetting agents, dispersing agents, and emulsiˆers in various commercial, industrial, and household surfactants [1,2]. APEOs enter the natural environment mainly through

11.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 259 11.2 Use and Control of Legislation for NPs in South Korea ......................................................260 11.3 Sources, Distributions, and Temporal Trends of NPs in Aquatic Environments

in South Korea ...................................................................................................................... 261 11.3.1 Industrialized Area: Lake Shihwa ............................................................................ 262

11.3.1.1 Description of Lake Shihwa ...................................................................... 262 11.3.1.2 Sources and Distributions .......................................................................... 263 11.3.1.3 Temporal Trends ........................................................................................ 263 11.3.1.4 NPs in Biota: Polychaetes ..........................................................................265