ABSTRACT
The source population has 30 loci, each with 100 different alleles of equal frequency = 0.01. A total of 3,000 unique alleles are thus available across these loci. The species is a dioecious annual. Reproduction rate: In previous examples, reproduction rate was generally held constant while variation in other life history characteristics was examined. In the trials discussed below, one question of interest is, how do dioecious populations compare to bisexual populations under otherwise identical NEWGARDEN input parameters? To make comparisons between such populations, r must be two times as large for dioecious populations as for the contrasting bisexual population. Note that r describes the offspring output per reproducing individual. Since a dioecious population will have only half the reproducers of a bisexual population, the value of r for a dioecious population must be doubled for analyses to be comparable. Seed reproduction across reproducers is allocated according to the Poisson distribution. When a population is designated as being dioecious, the sex of the offspring is selected at random, with each alternative being equally likely. Selfi ng rate is 0 with Random Mating value = false: these conditions always hold under dioecy. Offspring = microgamete dispersal distances (unless noted), with trials having average species density grid point unit dispersal distances of either:
10 (offspring and microgamete dispersal within or from the nearest 441 grid points) or 20 grid units (offspring and microgamete dispersal within or from the nearest 1,681 grid points).
