ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION Infertility is a problem of the couple, not only from a psychosocial but also from a functional point of view. It means that in each case the situation of an infertile couple should be evaluated in an integrated manner. Even when the investigation of the male partner has disclosed some minor to moderate impairment of the semen quality, it does not mean that improvement of semen parameters is the only way of helping the couple to achieve spontaneous pregnancy. When specific, that is nonempirical treatments have failed or were not indicated, optimalization of the female partner is the first-line approach to improve a couple’s fecundity. Even when the female factor was found to be normal, an attempt should be made to increase the wife’s fecundity.
