ABSTRACT
As was already mentioned, the most-used coking technology is delayed coking, which is a severe form of thermal cracking process that operates at 450°C-470°C. The name “delayed” comes from the fact that cracking reactions are given sufficient time to proceed to completion in coke drums that are specially designed to accumulate the coke and not in the fired heater with horizontal tubes, which otherwise would have led to the premature shutdown of the unit. Sufficient heat is introduced in the heater tubes for complete destructive distillation, but the reduction to coke does not occur unless and until the residue enters the coke drum. That is, the heating is done in a furnace to initiate cracking and the actual reactions are complemented and completed in the huge and tall coke drums (Sawarkar et al., 2007).
