ABSTRACT
The development of biometric technologies aims to implement a method ensuring a high level of security. This chapter presents general biometric systems for data security and authentication of persons. A study of various biometric techniques is detailed. Then, a comparative study between these different techniques is established to specify which method is desirable. This comparative study shows that the method of biometric authentication based on the iris of the eye is most suitable for our research project. This justifies the presentation of the various algorithms for the recognition of the iris of the eye by stating, at each phase of the algorithm, the methods adopted. The aspects of discrete geometry for the definition of an edge in an image and the aspects of pretopology on the classification of objects are detailed at the end of this chapter. This is to introduce the concepts for the localization of the edge of the iris and the methods used for the classification of the iris in a database.
