ABSTRACT
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health problem worldwide. Currently, there is no effective treatment to improve neural structural repair and functional recovery of patients in clinic. Recent studies suggest that adult neural stem/progenitor cells residing in the neurogenic regions in the adult mammalian brain may play regenerative and reparative roles in response to CNS injuries or diseases. Alternatively, cell transplantation is a potential strategy to repair and regenerate the injured brain. This chapter will discuss the potential of neural stem cells to repair the injured brain with emphasize on modulating endogenous adult neurogenesis to promote regeneration following TBI. The potential of neural stem cells for neural transplantation to repair the injured brain will also been discussed.
