ABSTRACT
Since the mid-1970s, thoracoscopy has been used primarily for lung and mediastinal biopsy and the management of empyema. With the advances in technology (better optics, miniaturization of instruments, endoscopic stapler and LigaSure™ sealing devices) and the increased experience in minimally invasive surgery and its anesthesia (single lung ventilation), the ability to perform much more complicated procedures, such as lobectomy, has blossomed over the last few years.
