ABSTRACT
More than two billion people worldwide are decient in at least one micronutrient [1,2]. Micronutrient deciencies are sometimes referred to as hidden hunger because they are often not clinically apparent until severe; however, they can have signicant health consequences even at subclinical levels [3]. Deciency of iron, vitamin A, and zinc together account for >10% of deaths among children younger than 5 years, as well as approximately 10% of the disability-adjusted life years, that is, years of life lost because of ill health, early death, or disability among children in this age group
Iron ...........................................................................................................................40 Iron Deciency and Immunity ............................................................................40 Importance of Iron Homeostasis in Immunity .................................................... 41 Summary ............................................................................................................. 43
Vitamin A ................................................................................................................. 43 Vitamin A Function .............................................................................................44 Mucosal Immunity ..............................................................................................44 Vitamin A and Cellular Immunity ....................................................................... 45 Vitamin A and Humoral Immunity .....................................................................46 Summary .............................................................................................................46
