ABSTRACT
The most common clinical presentation of ureteroceles in infants and children – if not diagnosed prenatally – is the urinary tract infection in 39-73.5% of the cases7,16-18
Sepsis, hematuria, urinary incontinence, and/or flank pain can be present. Non-specific symptoms such as failure to thrive, irritability or recurrent vomiting – typical of post-renal failure due to obstruction – should instigate further investigation of the urinary tract. In cases of severe obstruction and consequent gross megaureter and hydronephrosis, a palpable mass may be present in the loin or in the pelvis. In baby girls, the ureterocele may prolapse through the urethra and can be seen as a temporarily vaginal or vulvar mass (Fig. 90.2). The extremely rare paraurethral cyst and the hydrocolpos have to be considered in the differential diagnosis. Prolapsing botryoid sarcoma has to be excluded.
